Tazwara
Tanukkra n tmɣart d ucrak ins gi tudrt tasrtant rid tbda ag lḥirak. Zi 1984 aɣil ad, nbda nttwala tiḥnjirin ttfɣnt gi tmskanin, swizan gi min ittmsaran ag aytmatsnt. Waxxa udrusnt, maca abddi nsnt issrs ddsas i wufuɣ n tmɣart zg ubniq n tudrt i d as xsn: taddart d lmlak d tarwa. Mala tɣra niɣ txdm, ur tettsijji awarn i uqwir mis d as smḥn. Maca am manima gi ddunnit, alaɣi n tlelli ilul gs, aḍu n tudrt tatrat iwwḍ itt idd ula d nttat. Amnus i zdɣn argaz arifi, arndad n tɣawsiwin i yudfn axmmem d wulawn n wakud nni, yudf itt ula d nttat.
Isinanen n Arrif n isggʷusa n tmanin (80) chdn i ucrak n tmɣart g imussutn i din iluln, zzgsn isinanen n Biyya, Imzurn, … Waxxa ur yuqiɛ bu ubddi ɣr tzhzitin a zg umzruy atrar n Arrif, ntnint s ccan nsnt mizi ssntnt abrid i dd yurwn amussu (niɣ imussutn) n tmɣarin n Arrif i umquddi d tsqqar (min ɣr ixssa ubddi wḥḥds). Acrak nsnt g umussu anlmadan d tɣuni ins ag min ittmsaran brra n isinanen, ur illi ɣir d ufuɣ gi tmskanin, iẓwa manaya ar uswjd d usmuni d ulaɣi, atg. Am iḥudriyyn n ttjriba nni, ula d ntnint xllsnt atig imɣar s wuḍuf ar ubniq (ci n mraw n tnlmadin ttwaṭṭfnt g usggʷas n 1987 kkint ktar zg imalas g ubniq), aɛmud d ukrfs, asufɣ zi tɣuri d min t id iḍfarn zi uẓiyyar n twacunin nsnt d wawal n ywdan d utrrc n tgrawin ila tnt ismunan.
Ttjriba ya rid tbdd, tbddl udm d umkan. Tmmuti ar tmsmunin, ar tsdawiyyin, ar igran nnɣni mani tnna tmɣart awal ins d array ins, ɣrs fus g ubddl n tudrt n waydud arifi. Amuk d as qqarn s tɛrabt “ɣrs min ɣrs, xs min xs”, maca ur nzmmar ad nttu araq ins gi tikli n tmɣart tarifit d waydud arifi amn ikml ar ijjt n tudrt ttqiddan gs s sin idsn, s ugmmir d umquddi.
Mizi tettwassn ttjriba ya tamzgarut?
Tudrust n tmɣarin
Waxxa acrak nsnt ila nwɛi, ttɣimant udrusnt tmɣarin iɛrmn ad bddnt g udm n tnamit n waydud, ad ssilint tmijja, ad munent ag aytmatsnt waxxa ur tn dd tjji ymmatsnt, ad msaggrnt, ad dd banent g igrawn brra zdat n lxzrat n wi iraḥn d wi dd yusin.
Ur ssinɣ ma nzmmar ad nssiwl x umgru (colelctif) wami udrusnt tmɣarin a, maca zi jjiht nnɣni bnant ttjriba, ila ɣrsnt tagrawt tsmun itnt, tssnt abrid n uxmmem gi min rzzunt d min ɣa ggnt ḥuma ad awḍnt ar min rzzunt. Imkn mala nksi dd arndad n tiṭṭawin aẓiyyar n tqbilt, ɛad d aṭṭas uṭṭun nni n tmɣarin ila ittfɣn. Maca mala nssmqudda t ag min nẓra zi ssin tsawnt, d ci nnɣni. Muk ma igga lḥal, ittɣima d bddu i ijjt n tikli ɛad ur tsali.
Ijj n uklasi n tmɣart
Nzmmar ad nini ɛawd illa timɣarin nt ttjriba ya tamzgarut d min tt idd iḍfarn, azg amqqran qqaɛ n nsnt ila d timɣarin ɣrint aqa tnt g igran qqnen ar tɣuri niɣ “bddn” x tɣuri, amaknaw tinlmadin n isinanen d tsdawiyyin, timdrawin (membres) n tmsmunin, tiwarwiriyyin, atg. Zi wakud ar wnnɣni, xmi tettili ci n tmskant x tɣawsa tafalasṭinit niɣ timskanin ila tettg tmsmunt n Ugrawn n Tmɣart gi Biyya, nttaf ci n tmɣarin zi kul aklasi. Maca manaya, mani mani ila ittuqiɛ
Akud n uẓiyar asiyassi
Akud n tmanin rid ila d akud ihwnen i ubddi g udm n lmxzn. Atig ila ttxllasn inni xs ittadrn imɣar s waṭṭas. Marra nssn illa lmxzn ur iwqqr la argaz la tamɣart la ababat la aymmat. Tudrin ila ittsugga xsnt ar lfjr iwdan ṭṭsn, irddj taddart tkml, ittkk gi kulci. Tiwacunin ula d ntnin ssɛdant tasɣart nsn n wbniq d uqabu. Tiggʷdi ila tettsara x iḍarn ins. Lwalidin ila limart n uqrṭas n 1984 x yilm n twngimt nsn ɛad d ṭṭri. Tawlaft i ifsr lmxzn x ixf ins d uqwir mis isun ixf ins ila tssrjajjay amqqran qbl i umẓayn. S uynni, awal n ibabatn d tymmatin ag tarwa nsn ila d awal n tigʷwdi. Ur tettifd lwalidin g wakud nni sɛunan tarwa nsn ad ffɣn, ad sɣuyyn x tsɣart nsn. S uḍrrun, iḥudriyyn d tḥudriyyin n wakud nni ila ɣrsn aẓiyyar ssa d ssa, zi lmxzn d twacunin.
Akud n uẓiyyar n tqbilt
Mala manaya ila ittkk xlli x wargaz, tamɣart maɣar xs. Tiggʷdi zi min ɣa inin iwdan mala tettwaṭṭf ylli, ma ɛad ad tt icuk ḥdd, tmmrni ar tiggʷdi zi lmxzn. Lwalidin drus zggsn i yɣrin, ɛad ur tn yudif liman s umquddi jr n tmɣart d wargaz. Fus n tqbilt ila ijhd ktar zi yiḍa, lmlak ila d Imal (s tmajuskult) i ittrajan tamɣart. Mala ur ɣrs twwiḍ, ad tjj tazwart. Aẓiyyar i illan x wufuɣ n tmɣart gi tmskanin illa xlli x wufuɣ ins muk txs, ad tgg timlsa i txs, ad tmxllaṭ ag irgazn, ad tsafar wḥḥds, atg. Waxxa ammn, aṭṭas n ibabatn d tymmatin ila umnen s tsɣart n tmɣart gi tɣuri, zi ssin tsawnt, gi lxdmt. S uynni, amkabar amqqran n lwalidin gi wakud nni, ntta d d tizmmar d ttamara i wtin ḥuma tarwa nsn (argazn d tmɣarin) ad ɣrn/t, ad asn dd fɣn/t d ci, ad tn ssmutin zi ẓẓlḍ ar tudrt iknan. Ammn tasɣart n tmɣart tarifit gi tɣuri rid d ijjtn ins gi marra Arrif, tikli, ɣrs, tettawi dd gi tikli n ikfr.
Tamɣart gi lḥirak n Arrif
Zi igʷwusa n tmani ar 2016, aṭṭas d anẓar i iwtin, aṭṭas ittwaẓẓun zi tiqqucin n tussna d taɣmsa d uɣnas x tsɣarin n ufgan. Manaynni ulabud ma ad yuc cway zi lɣillt ins tasbḥant. Tiḥnjirin i yudfn d timzgura tinml dwlnt d tiymmatin, amuk dwln iḥnjirn n wakud nni d ibabatn, iḍhar ila axmmem nsn/t ad yili d ijj nnɣni, asgmi i ɣa ggn/t i tarwa nsn/t ad yili d ijj nnɣni. Aẓẓiyyar asiyyasi d uẓiyyarr n tqbilt waxxa ɛad llan ur qqimn am ijj n wass. Tisqqar n ufgan waxxa ttraḥnt ttasnt idd maca ur ɣlint qqaɛ am wahli, tallayt n tmɣrat gi brra gi waṭṭas zg igran n tmtti (lmujtamaɛ) ur tqqim zi lɣrayb, tdwl d tawlaft mikd nnimn iwdan. Nssn illa wa d ijj n ubrid gs tikli ar zdat amuk gs tadwla ar tkarmin, maca ur nzmmar ad nenkar ila timtti tarifit tettwahzz gi unagraw (asistim) ins n uxmmem. Acrak n tmɣart gi tudrt tasrtant d tdlsant s wudmawn ins imsbḍan iqḍɛ dd zi tmani ar yiḍa, abrid d azgrar n lxdmt gi tmsmuni zi kul aklasi, irẓm as i tmɣart tarifit tawwurt i ulmad n tawzutin (compétences), tussna n ttajarib n umaḍal, anurẓm x iklusa n tudrt msbḍan, tanamit ag irmudn (activité) ẓwant aqwir n ccɣl n taddart d kuzina, atg. Ndwl ɣrnɣ timɣarin d tinaẓurin, d tisiyyasiyyin, d tinɣmasin, d tislmadin, d tiḍbibin, d tiriyyaḍiyin, atg.
Zdat i tmnɣiwt n Muhsin Fikri, nẓra timɣarin crrknt g unhzzi n iwarwuriyyn (chomeurs) d twarwuriyyin x tsɣart nsn/t gi tawuri (lxdmt). Tiwlafin n tmɣarin ittɛan asnt qabu lmxzn, ittẓryaḍ itnt gi tmurt qqimn cmxn gi faysbuk. Wi ɣa ittun Hanane el Fakiri s wudm iccur s idammn g ummas n aytmas gi Biyya, ayt Buɛyyac. Gi Nanḍur nẓra acrak n tmɣarin gi tkliwin x tsqqar n ufgan amaziɣ gi tmagit ins. Amuk nssn, rid qqimnt tmɣarin a jr n igmirn n Arrif, wwḍnt a Arbaṭ, Ddar Lbiḍa … ḥuma ad ḥḍrnt i tmskanin d twadiwin.
Gi faysbuk s ixf ins, ila nssn udmawn n tmɣarin rẓant ṭṭabu cuqnt igran ilatn ɣir n irgazn, ssidrnt idd tnamit tqdm ar uydud arifi, maca ittut amknaw lɣnuj. Nẓra illa, waxxa din lbda wi issrwatn brra i wnnar, aydud iqbl timɣarin a, dwlnt d itran g ummas n ujnna n Arrif amaknaw Silya Ziani, Lina Charif, Ouafaa Merras, Yusra Tarik, tisgbarin amaknaw Numidya, Lwiza Busttac, atg.
Ag unhzzi n Arrif x tmttant n Muhsin Fikri nẓra ci zi timɣarin a ggint fus nsnt d timzgura gi min imsarn gi tmdint n Biyya. Maca amaynu g ucrak n tmɣart tarifit gi lḥirak rid wa. Min iɛna?
Tura-t: Asmaa Aouattah