Deg uzgen amezwaru n umegrad-nneɣ nessiwel dag-s mayen yenna Auguste Mouliéras x wudayen di Arrif. Nufa belli tarezzut-nnes dag-s ccum n tkulunyalit. Maci merra mayen d-inna d tidet. Netta yeqqar ila udayen n Imesṭasen maḥend ad meḍlen inni nnsen ixess-asen ad raḥen ar Asila. Ta maci d tidet, minzi kul taqbilt ittili dag-s timeḍlin n wudayen. Di Miḍar d Tfersit (Wer din waxxa d 07 KM jar-asen, kul icten zzag-sen din timeḍlin n wudayen). Rni x-as mayen ttɛawaden yiwdan d tiḥuja, qqaren belli ttuɣa din ijjen umseddar jar wudayen d imeslmen.
Wer din ittili bu ttaεeddu x wudayen. Γir ca n leɛwayed wer zzag-sent nwekked ca, am ijjen tḥajit i yeqqaren ila Uday xminni ixes ad ikk x temzyida n tẓallit ixess-as ad ikkes tisira-nnes. Maca manaya tettqabal-itt-id ijjen tḥajit nneɣni, mani nettaf di Arrif ijjen wuday ttuɣa issɣara i yemselmen Lquran. Manaya d tqiccit n umsedder izemmren ad yili jar tnayen n tdeyyanin i yettemsebḍan.
Min iqqar umezruy x wudayen n Arrif?
Angelo Ghrilli i yeggin ca n trezzutin x Arrif, iqqar ila qa wudayen n Arrif usin-d zi Berqa (Libiya). Ittɛawad iqqar ila udayen yiḍ-a azgen ameqqran-nnsen nitni d Imaziɣen, ṭṭfen tudayt x wudayen i d-yusin zi tmurt-nnsen, zegga i x-asen d-sugen Irumiyen. Aredjen-asen Lhaykal-nnsen. Ijjen array nniḍen yeqqar ila Igrikiyen wesqen ca 100 alef n wuday deg useggʷas n 320 qbel i tlalit. Ina rewlen-d zeg weɛmud i yeccin di Libiya n yiḍ-a. Uca msebḍan x Arrif d Laṭlas.
Michaux Béllaire d ijjen umrezzu la d netta issiwel x wudayen n Arrif, aterras-a iraḥ yeggʷej qqaε. Issefsi ijjen umegraḍ yura-t Samtuḥ Ben Sarmun i tefsar tesɣunt n “la Revista de Tropas coloniales” nnumru n Cutenbir 1925. Tessiwl x ijjen tjelda (royaume) tamezwarut i ttuɣa yellan di Arrif, i ttuɣa d tajelda d tudayt. Yus-d di tesɣunt-a manaya : “aqqa nesla, am mammec daneɣ-ɛawden ibabaten-nneɣ, mayen ttuɣa yellan di Lɣerb, s Tɛibrit nettsemma tammurt-a s Merrakec, qbel i waɛraben, mani ttuɣa din ijjen wemɣar d uday d artista … D netta ig iḥekmen tambraṭurit-a d amezzwaru. Tuɣa qqaren-as Yeɛqub d ttekniyyet-nnes Pariente. Ttuɣa izeddeɣ di tmurt umi neqqar yiḍ-a Arrif. Ad yili isem n Arrif yus-d zi REBBI YACOUB PARIENETE“.
Michaux waxxa iwta di mayen yenna Samtuḥ maca ittwala ila izemmar mayen iqqar ad ɣer-s ilin iẓuran n tidet. Minzi di lqern wis setta (qbel i Lislam) zegga Ibiẓanṭiyen wer qqimen ca ttreyyan di Arrif aṭṭas. Yemsar ijjen umuni deg useggʷas n 612 jar wudayen n Arrif d inni n Spanya ḥuma ad kksen ajellid “sisbouth” ad ggen deg wemkan-nnes ijjen tjelda n wudayen. Maca manaya wer iwwiḍ ca ad yili, uca Iquṭiyen hejmen x wudayen n Spanya min ten-yejjin ad rewlen ɣer Arrif.
Ɛebdellah Igella, amrezzu deg umezruy n Arrif la d netta ittɛawad x yiles n Lbekri i d-issiwlen x wudayen n Arrif, yeqqar ila di temdint n Nnkur ila din ijjen tewwurt qqaren-as tawwurt n wudayen. Minzi amkan-nni ila zeddɣen dag-s ɣir udayen. Udayen-a Irifiyen iraren ijjen temlilt (rôle) d tameqqrant deg usemɣar n tsebbabt ila yellan di lweqt-nni. Di Bades ɛawed, ila dinni ijjen lmuyyi d ameqqran n tɣarruba. Ttuɣa din ijjen uzabuq d ameqqran zeddɣen dag-s ɣir udayen. Luis del Mármol Carvajal (1524-1600) yettεawad belli din kter zi 100 n tudrin ɣir n wudayen.
Ijjen ameknaw Ljeṭṭari, yeqqar ila qa ttuɣa din rebɛa n markat n wudayen di Arrif:
- Izanitiyen i yumnen s tudayt, zzag-sen taqbilt n Ijrawen i yellan x weftas n lebḥer jar Ikebdanen d Iqelɛiyen.
- Udayen i d-wesqen zeg Wandlaus, ḍrin di lmuyyawat n Temsaman, Iɣsasen, Warc, Bades d Mlilet.
- Udayen iɛawnen Bu teɣyult, i d-yusin zi Debdu d Fes, ameqqran-nnsen d Dawud Ben Ḥida.
- Udayen n lweqt Uspanyu, i d-yusin zi Taza, Kaza, Fas, Spanya d Lezzayer, aṭṭas idsen zedɣen di Mlilet.
Mayen yejjin Wudayen di Arrif d min zzag-sen yeqqimen?
Aṭṭas n leɛwayed i tteggen Irifiyen ɣer-s tɣuni ɣer tadeyyant n wudayen. Amecnaw Taɛacurt d waṭṭas n leɛwayed nniḍen. Manaya yeqqen ɣer tussna n Irifiyen. Maca ijjen tmeslayt nniḍen ttuɣa nizwar nessiwel x-as, umi udayen wer d-jjin bu ca n lebni awerna-tsen. Ula d tudrin mani ɛebbden uca walu.
Di Arrif ass-a nzemmer ad nessiwel x tmeḍlin-nnsen (Miḍar alṭu, Ayt Sidal, Tafersit, Tamsaman, Snada…) d wemrabeḍ Rabi Seɛdiya Ḥidati i yeggwjen x Nnaḍur s setta Kilumiṭer. Kul wayur n mayyu ttasen-d ɣer-s udayen. Ttẓallan dinni. Amrabeḍ-a ttsemman-as imselmed s Sidi Yusef (Wer nettettu waxxa d Yusef d isem d uday).
Din amrabeḍ n Ayt Buyeɛqub di Temsaman, ittwassen ila amrabeḍ-nni ittwamḍel dinni ijjen d uday. Maca imezdaɣ yiḍ-a nekkren manayenni.
Aṭṭas n wudayen dewlen d imselmen. Amenɛad ɛad i selmen, niɣ din wudayen ar lux ɛad di Arrif, maca ttagin ad mmlen ixef-nnsen belli d wudayen. Tteggen ixef-nnsen d imselmen. Udayen di Arrif maci amecnaw inni n Kaza d Fas, mani zemmren ad mmlen ixef-nnsen d min ɛnan di berra. Di Arrif, snuffuren ixef-nnsen. Nzemmar a naf ula d timɣarin-nnsen tteggent tacembuct maḥend ad banent d timeslmin.
Aṭṭas n wudayen di Arrif aqqa-yen deg umaḍal marra, di Venezuela, Marikan, Kanada, Hulanda… aqqa-yen deg Israyil zeddɣen di Keryat Cemmuna (ẓelmeḍ n Israyil). Maca qeḍɛen qaε mayen ten-ijemɛen aked Arrif. Yettɣima usitem ad ɛeqben ayyawen-nnsen ad ssnen manis d-usin lejdud-nnsen.
Ɣer ɛawed: Udayen n Arrif: Manis kkin? (1/2)