Rusadir ttuɣa-tt d ijjen tendint, qqaren belli tettwagg s ufus n ifuniken d Irumaniyen, maca din wi iqqaren ila abilaj n Rusadir ggin-tt Imaziɣen n Arrif n yiḍ-a, di tendint n Mlilt. Wami i tt-ṭṭfen Irumaniyen, ttuɣa-tt d takulunit d tameẓẓyant zi nnḥit n Mawritaniya Taṭanjit.
Isem-nnes d “Rusadir”.
ršʾdr (s Tfunikt : 𐤓𐤔𐤀𐤃𐤓) d ijjen yisem d apunik, ixes ad yini « ijhed » niɣ « ixef i yuɛlan », zemmren ad tt-fehmen am « ixef n wen ijehden » zeɛma ttexsen ad rren taynit i wakuc n Baɛel- Tanit niɣ ɣer ca n wakuc afunik- nneɣni ittwassnen. Iban-dd isem-a deg idlisen Italitiniyen s yisem n « Rusadir », « Rusicada », « Rusadder ».
Din zeg imerzuten i yeqqaren belli isem n « Rusadir » dag-s tnayen n imurfiten, kul ijjen zzag-sen yeqqen ɣer ca n tutlayt, mani nettaf « Rus » ixes ad yini di tpunikt « ixef », d « adder » di Tmaziɣt ixes ad yini « min yuɛlan ». Aya, xelli amenni, itteḥwaja ijjen ubeqqec d afiluluji mliḥ, maḥend a nessen mezyan manis dd-ikka isem-a.
Maca deg wakud n Irumaniyen, beddlen-as isem, ggin-as : « Flavia ».
Tajyugrafit
Ameknaw Abyla (ass-a isem-nnes Sewta), Rusadir ttuɣa-tt x ijjen ugeddim, ihwen a x-as wwten acbar, teqqen ɣer Tefrikt. Aqqa-tt x ca n tewririn n yeẓra d waddaren mani din wtin acbar. Aqqa-tt deg yeẓẓlmeḍ mani din ggin ijjen lmuyyi, amkan-a i yellan d tacwiḥt d tameẓẓyant zeg ijjen wemkan i yeggin am tegzirt d tameqqrant tettwasemma s « Three Forks » (Metagonites Promontorium).
Da deg wemkan-a mani i dd-teɣmi tandint n Mlilet i nessen yiḍ-a.
Amezruy-nnes
Tamdint d tafunikt
Rusadir tettwagg axmi d ijjen tkulunit d tafinikt, aqqa-tt x webrid n tsebbabt ismunen jar Finikiya d Gibraltar, mamec i tettwaḥḍa zi tkulunin am Tinga (Tanja), Abyla (Sewta), Kart (San Roque) d Gadir (Cadix). Am merra iraqqen-a i yellan x uɣelluy, Rusadir tewḍa adu ifassen n Ikarṭajiyen.
Tamdint d Tamuriṭanit
Zegga tewḍa Karṭaj deg imenɣan Ifunikiyen, tedwel Rusadir adu leḥkam n ddewla umi qqaren Mawriṭaniya. Tegga ttmenyat-nnes s ubrunez, aked ca n tira s Tfunikt d ijjen wudem s uɛecmir (izemmer ad yili lewsifetn n Baɛel Ḥamun)
Tamdint d Tarumanit
Zegga yenɣa Caligula ajellid Paṭlimus, i ttuɣa iḥekkmen x Mawriṭaniya deg useggas n 40, tedwel teḍfer i tmurt-nnes. Awerna-s yus-d Claudius mani isettef timura-nnes, yerra Rusadir di jjihet umi qqaren Mawriṭanoya Taṭanjit. Ijjen ameknaw Plune yenna belli Rusadir di lqern amezwaru, tettwaḥsab d ijjen tewrirt izedɣen Imaziɣen (oppidum) mani dag-s ijjen lmuyyi ɛawed (Portus). Zeg useggʷas n 46, tedwel nican d takulunit.
Di lqern wis tlata, Rusadir tedwel d tamasiḥiyt amen tekmel ; mani ggin ayt bab-nnes igelwan s tsebbabt, di lqern wis rebɛa, Rusadir ila tella d lmuyyi ameqqran di tmura n Imawri-rumaniyen.
Amezruy i dd-yudsen.
Ajellid Gaiseric, i yella ad yili iɛerḍ-it-id akumt Boniface, iclex Spaniya ɣer Tingis (Tanja) deg useggʷas n 429. Ca n luluf zeg iserdasen-nnes, wtin ẓeyyar, ḥewwsen Rusadir deg useggʷas n 430, mani inniḍen raḥen ad ḥewwsen timura-nniḍen n Arrif.
D netta i yessers tiṭṭawin-nnes x nnḥit tarumanit n Ifriqiya, Gaiseric, yejja iɣewwaɣen Imaziɣen ad dd-rren timura-nnsen i ttuɣa yellan adu leḥkam-nnes. Danita i tedwel Rusadir d ijjen tmurt i yeḍfaren i ddewla n Altava Tamaziɣt.
Ajiniral Abiẓanṭi Bilisaryus issers fus-nnes ijjen twalat-nneɣni x yeẓẓelmeḍ n tefrikt (zzag-s ula d Rusadir) deg useggʷas n 533 deg yiger n umeski Avindali n Justinien. Tiksrakt n Tefrikt i yeggin Ibiẓanṭiyen tessers tiṭṭawin-nnes ula kṭer x Tunes n yiḍ-a, waxxa amenni wer njebden ca ar Tmazɣa amen tekmel. Mani ila ṭṭfen ca n lmuyyawat waha, zzag-sen wenni n Septem (Sewta).
Ajiniral Visigoth Suintila iḥewwes ɛawed Rusadir (ad yili s yisem n ugellis Sisebuto) deg useggʷas n 614, di beddu n lqern wis sebɛa. Deg useggʷas n 700, Rusadir ad tt-iḥewwes Musa Ben Nusayer, s yisem n Lxalifa n Umayya. Deg unasef n lqern n sebɛa, ula d ijjen ma yessen ma ttuɣa zedɣen-tt ca n yewdan ma lla. Maca deg uneggaru n 890, ɛawden zedɣen Imaziɣen tandint-a i ydewlen s yisem-nnes Amaynu (Mlilet). Zi senni yeṭṭef-it Ɛebderreḥman III, ameqqran n Gurduba di 926-927.
Deg useggʷas n 1497, iwweḍ Juan Alfonso Pérez de Guzman ad tt-yeṭṭef deg useggʷAs n 1497 s yisem n « Melilla ».