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Lḥed 8 Dujembir 2024

Heinrich Böll d amari Aliman ibedden aked tɣawsiwin n bnadem

Heinrich Böll maci zeg yinni isbedden tasekla Talimant n yiḍ-a i tt-yksin x weɛrur-nnes issiweḍ-itt i umaḍal waha, maca netta lebda ttuɣa ittekritika sseyasa n tmurt-nnes ula d tenni n umaḍal. D ijjen ttuɣa yettwala ila imariten d wul n wegdud.

Ilul Heinrich Böll di Kuluniya Talimant deg useggas n 1917 i yicten d twacunt d takatulikt, iẓuran-nnes d Ineglinziyen. Idder ẓẓleḍ aked lwacun-nnes, ula kṭer awerni i wemnɣi amaḍlan amezwaru. Tuɣa-t d aɛeskri deg umenɣi amaḍlan wis tnayen, iẓra ifeqqusen d tfeqqaɛ s tiṭṭawin-nnes. Manaya i yejjin later di tnefsiyt-nnes, yejja ula d later di tira-nnes, yerr-it d mamec i t-ttuɣa netta.

Heinrich Böll issers tiwessaf-nnes x tsekla Talimant i d-yusin awerni i girra. S lxedmet-nnes, iwdan neɛmen s tsekla-ya ta, bdan sruɣan x-as tifawin. S manaya i x-as inna umari utubyugraf Heinrich Vormweg « la d ijjen umari d Aliman wer yejji later di tsekla Talimant awerni i umenɣi amaḍlan wis tnayen kṭer zi Heinrich Böll ». Yerni yenna, amaḍal wer yefhim ula i yijj n useklan d Aliman yexs-it, amek igga aked Heinrich Böll.

D ijjen zeg ipilaren n tsekla

Teẓra tasekla talimant awerni i umenɣi ijjen beddu d jjdid aked ijjen terbiɛt n imariten Ilimaniyen. Zzag-sen Heinrich Böll d Günter Grass, tnayen-a weyyen tasemɣurt n Nobel. Imariten-a ittwassnen s « tarbiɛt n 47 » ggin tzemmar ḥma ad arin x ifeqqusen i yeẓin, ddren deg umenɣi amaḍlan i yekkin x Uliman. Mamec ssiwlen x tareẓẓit i tecca tmurt-a, aked tyecatin n tyerzawt s min ggin Ilimaniyen. Rrin-d ifeẓ i umezruy Aliman, bdan ttemseqsan xas. S tnayen n tebridin i zi xedmen x manaya, d amezwaru s tiẓrilit (existentialisme)  wis tnayen umi sennden x tnamitin Timasiḥiyin. Manaya sadu tatrart taseklant i ttuɣa ssanafen Inaziyen.

Zeg imeknawen n ddegg-a n tmuɣli, xmi i d-nettawi tinfas n Heinrich Böll « iwweḍ-d ttran di lweqt-nnes » (aseggas n 1949. D tmezgunt n « wer d-inṭiq ula s ijjen wawal » (1953) d « aɣrum n iseggusa n zik » (1955), « liraret n lbiyyar ɣer tsɛa d uzgen » (1959) aked ca n tenfas tisebḥanin, yeggint amkan-nnsent deg umaḍal. Tinfas-a tina ittwaṭurjment ɣer waṭṭas n yilsawen n umaḍal.

Addur Katharina Blum iweddren, zi lxedayem ittwassnen-nnes

Aɛeskri aɣewwaɣ

Wami yiweḍ Adolf Hitler ad yeṭṭef leḥkam deg Uliman aseggas n 1933 Heinrich Böll ttuɣa-t ɛad d aḥudri. Wami yeṭṭef bak-nnes deg useggas n 1937 yiwweḍ ad ikewwen ixef-nnes di tussna n tsedlisin, maca wer das-ikemmel minzi laɣan-as-d ḥuma ad igg lxedmet tamatut. Deg useggas n 1939 iraḥ Heinrich Böll maḥend ad iɣer di tesdawit, ɛawed laɣan-as-d ɣer lɛesker, waxxa netta ttuɣa irekkʷel zzag-s, zeɛma yegga ixef-nnes yehlek, ittic ccahadat belli yehlek niɣ yeqqar-asen aqqa yeqqar maca ggin x-as bezzez ad icrec deg umenɣi amaḍlan wis tnayen, netta ttuɣa-t di Puleska (Pologne), URSS, Rumaniya, Hungariya. Umi t-ttuɣa di girra, ila ittari tibratin kul ass i twacunt-nnes d tnubiyat-nnes, Annemarie Böll i ɣa yedwlen d tamɣart-nnes. Aṭṭas n twalatin Böll ittneyzam deg imenɣan ig ittegg, mamec i t-ṭṭfen Imarikaniyen ijjen lweqt iqqutteḍ uca rxun-as deg useggas n 1945.

Ijjen waddur d “azegza

Yeqqar Heinrich Böll x yixef-nnes « ggiɣ tizemmar maḥend ad ariɣ d nnec ɛad ila lliɣ d ameẓẓyan, maca menbeɛd  ɛad i ufiɣ iwalen». Tira timezwura n Böll ttuɣa-tent deg useggas n 1936, amec ufin di ca n tewriqin i yufin di taddart-nnes. Maca afsar-nnes amezwaru ila yella deg useggas n 1947. Heinrich Böll mmewcen-tt-as aṭṭas n tsemɣurin, zzag-sent tasemɣurt n Nobel deg useggas n 1972.

Böll ila yella kunṭra lebda i umenɣi, mamec ittbedda kunṭra n yenn iḥebbsen imariten deg umaḍal. Aked manaya ila yettekritika aṭṭas taglizt takatulikt i zi yeffeɣ deg useggas n 1976. Zeg inni i yettlaɣan ɣer umsawal jer tussniwin. Ila yettamen belli imariten nitni d wul n wegdud, ixess ad ssiwḍen tabrat n tebnadmit. Yemmut deg useggas n 1985, zegga yewwiya ijjen umseksi d ameqqran aked laṭṭan-nnes

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