Karima Ziali, nettat d tamarit d tafilusuft, yelli-s n dyaspura tarifit.
Deg useggʷas n 1989, tus-d ɣer Kaṭaluniya, ila teɛlem 3 n iseggusa waha, amen i “d-tenneslet zi Arrif, raqq n umseksi”. Zegga ɛdan 30 n iseggusa, tettḥsab ixef-nnes d Takaṭalant d Tarifit di twalat d icten, tettagi x ttikiyat i x-as ttsemman zi berra.
Telmed ad tɛumm di mayen tettsemma “taḥrirt tadelsant”, d ijjen uxelleṭ n tnettitin i di ttafen imenneɛraq ixef-nnsen.
Issawal ungal-nnes amezwaru “tẓallit bla Rebbi” x mamec i daneɣ-ixess a nbedd deg wudem n iklicciten. Txes ad tessiweḍ aya, x webrid n Murad, i yellan d aḥudri, iqqers-d zeg ijjen twacunt d tameslemt, imɣer di Kaṭaluniya, ixes ad iɣer tafilusuft, waxxa manaya tugi x-as yemma-s, Farida.
Aḥudri-ya tḥerḍ x-as ijjen tassast n tnettit, tegga-as tiɛeknraf, wer issin min iɛna, niɣ min zzag-s ttrajan, mamec yemɣer deg ijjen uraqq i di ifaqq s ddegg-a n ubeṭṭu i din jer-as-d d inniḍen.
Ttuɣa yezwar-as i BBC Mundo immelqa aked Ziali deg ufistival n Hay di Arequipa, i yellan jer 7 ar 10 nuwenbir-a, uca igga akid-s amsawal-a.
Azwel n udlis-nnem, “tẓallit bla Rebbi”, itterra-aneɣ ɣer trezzut x tẓallit di min ittuqqdsen, ɣer berra i izumal n ddin. Mayemmi i texsed ad tessiwled x manaya deg udlis-nnem?
Azwel, d netta i yellan zi tmeslayin i yemxumblen deg udlis.
Ttuɣa ixess-ayi ad kkeɣ ca n cher ḥuma ad ssneɣ nnfeɛ n uzwel-a, i yella wer t-fhimeɣ mliḥ ar mani d ameggar n tḥajit n Murad d uyezzim-nnes i kid-s ikessi, i yellan d ijjen uyezzim ittnama akid-s, maca ikessi tnixt-a i iqesḥen minzi iqqen ɣer umaḍal n ddin, ɣer umaḍal n twacunt, n leɛwayed d tnettit.
Maca min txes ad tini tẓallit-a ɣer-m?
Lebda qqareɣ qa nnec ddin-inu amezwaru min ked faqqeɣ d takatulikt, waxxa nec qqerseɣ-d zeg ijjen twacunt d tameslemt.
Wami ila qqareɣ di tmezgida tamenzut, ttuɣa ttraḥeɣ ɣer ijjen temzgida d takatulikt, ila din tẓallit n ssbeḥ, manaya ttuɣa tteggeɣ-t nurmal.
Zi senni, wami i faqqeɣ ila nec ddin-inu yemsebḍa, yebda umseksi-ya ittejja dag-i ijjen later, bdiɣ ttemseqsiɣ min teɛna tẓallit-a beɛda.
Maca, ar mani i kumasiɣ tiɣri-inu tafilusuft i bdiɣ ad beddeɣ zzat i lmeɛna n ddin d min ixes ad yini bnadem ad iẓall.
Luxa, awern-i i tikli-ya tazegrart, tedwel tẓallit d ijjen tmeslayt i yellan nurmal i di bnadem ittbeqqec maḥend ad yemsawaḍ aked ca n lḥajet i t ɣa yessufɣen zeg umaḍal-a iɣeṭṭlen ifadden.
Nreẓẓem ungal s ijjen wawal i yenna upsikanalist d upsikulug-amunan Erich Fromm, i itteḥsaben tilelli d amyag anemdan amezwaru n tidett, ma neccin nican, amek iqqar Murad, d iɛdawen n tlelli-nneɣ?
Wer din bu ttuɣi ca n tebridt-nneḍni ḥuma ad bdiɣ adlis-a.
Ɣer-i nec, d asaru n tlelli i ittcuqqan zi Murad abrid-nnes d tazzla n tekli-nnes. Bla nettat, ttuɣa wer izemmer ad yemseksi aked leɛwayed, ad imseqsa x ddin d tsikswalit-nnes.
Ixḍareɣ timenna-ya minzi tetteqqen mliḥ lḥeqq-a n Murad ḥuma ad yegg tilelli-nnes tekmel bla tiggʷdi.
Minzi xmi i d-tettadef tiggʷdi, wer nzemmer ad nemseksi aked merra min yudfen di blukk-nni: leɛwayed, ddin, tanettit, nettaf ixef-nneɣ wer nessin min ɣa negg aked merra manaya.
Tilelli i daneɣ-ittejjan a nerreẓ, a nerdel, a nɛawed a nebda zi jjdid; d nettat i daneɣ-itticcen ttesriḥ ḥuma a nessiwel x merra iseqsan bla ma a naca ila nettcuqqa di ca, maca tettejja-aneɣ a nessen min x-aneɣ waha.
Murad d mmi-s n ijjen twacunt d tarifit, ittaf ixef-nnes innuɣ deg imxumbal n tudert n ibliɣen, ɛawed netta d ameslem, maca min ixes ad yini amẓiw-nni i t-ittmermacen zɣer daxel, uca tessawaled x-as deg udlis-nnem?
S tidett, Murad d ijjen uḥenjir wer ssineɣ ma ad yini x ixef-nnes d ameslem niɣ lla.
Yeqqseḥ ad yebna tanettit-nnes xmi i tetteslid min ɣer-m niɣ min ixess a x-as tilid.
Murad ittaf ixef-nnes deg umaḍal-a n umseksi, mani aṭṭas n iḥudriyen d teḥramin zemmren ad awen-inin ila wer ttepratikin ca ddin, maca nitni d tarwa n leɛwayed-a timeslmin, yenneḍ-asen-d ijjen uṭmusfir d ameslem.
Netta ddin d amẓiw-nni i t-ittmermacen, ɣer-i nec, wer iqqin ca ɣer min ixes ad yini ɣer-s l’islam, maca aya d ijjen useqsi d asiksiwal.
Xseɣ ad sserɣeɣ tifawin x min iqelleb d ttejriba-nnes tasikswalt, d mamec manaya itterra-t d argaz, ittejja-t ad ibedd zzat i uwetman-nnes i yella ixess ad zzag-s yenɛem, imeknawen-a n uwetman i ibedden x ddenf, deg wemkan mani irezzu ad ixes timɣarin, deg wemkan n mamec ixess akid-sent msurrufeɣ.
Ittban-d wemẓiw-nni wami Murad inɛedd x-as ijjen bnadem i ittweqqren imselmen maca netta ɣer-s jjehd deg ufus, nessawal da x lefqih.
D ta d tḥajit i yettɛwadeɣ, tḥajit n ttaɛeddu asikswal, d mamec manaya ixelleq-d dag-s ijjen marka n ‘lemsex’ ɣer daxel i Murad, i irezzun x ca n tebridin ḥuma ad yersem amẓiw-a, ad as-iwwec wudem.
Di tassast n Murad, yenna ca n leḥwayej ameknaw: “ya cḥal iɛuffen ḥuma ad tilid d Muru”. Uca itterra-d x-as uselmed n tfilusuft di llisi: “Wer din bu aṭṭas n beṭṭu jer-ayi-d d kenniw. D aya i ineqqen amaḍal, xmi netteffekker ila neccin nemsebḍa”. Mamec nzemmer a nerwel zi ddegg-a n iklicciten?
Uɣil x-aneɣ a nessers ijjen wudem x iklicciten. Ɛawed ixess wer x-asen nettagi ca, xseɣ ad iniɣ ila iklicciten, nitni walli bnan x tqubbanit, maca minzi nettɣil ila min nessen iqqen ɣer ixarrisen-nni min xef netteḥsab neccin ila nican.
Tawinest n Murad “ya cḥal iɛuffen ḥuma ad tilid d Muru”, tettegg-ayi imxumbal, maca ttwaliɣ ila d ijjen tmeslayt i di nfekker merra idneɣ ijjen lweqt niɣ tenneɣni.
Merra wi d-yusin zeg wemnaḍ-a, ɣeḍlen zi tnettit-nnsen minzi ttɣilen ila manaya wer d-ittis ca aked isebdaden i zzag-sen nettraja deg ijjen wamun ameknaw amun awruppi.
Uca deg umseksi-ya, tmuɣli-ya isiɣan x wenneḍni, i d-isgeɛɛaden iyezzimen n iklicciten-nni ɣer Murad.
Aq-t ittaka belli uɣil xaf-s ad yiɛic iklicciten-nni, d istiriyutipen-nni i xaf-s neṭṭaren x wudem, netta issen ila d ta tabridt weḥḥd-s, maḥend ad xaf-sen yeɣleb.
Ttpinsareɣ belli d llemliḥ nican ad ten-niɛic, ixess wer x-asen nettigi ca, wer ten-nennkker ca, minzi cḥal mma nenker istiriyutipen-nni d iklicciten-nni, ataf itteqsiḥ x-aneɣ ad ten-neɣleb, tettwalid, ittban-d ila ssadafeɣ ixef-inu ula d nnec di manaya.
Asirem n Murad, maci d asirem n wenkar, maca d asirem n weqbal d useɛdi n ddegg-a merra.
Ma tettwalid, amek qqaren ca zzag-sen, ila adlis-nnem ittɛawan ḥuma a nessurf merra iḍugmen, d cwayt n lɛegzan n uɣelluy?
Mala ittwaɣer ungal ammu, ataf manaya d llemliḥ, minzi qa d ijjen usirem s tnayen n yebriden: Ittejja-aneɣ a neppinsar – aya ssadafeɣ dag-s merra tarwa n imenneɛraq i d-yusin zeg yemnaḍen imselmen – di twalata d icten, d llemliḥ s waṭṭas mala negga amsawal-nneɣ aked merra min d-ittasen, uca nesrusa ixef-nneɣ neccin ayt aɣelluy, ayt Uruppa, zzat i tḥajit i daneɣ-yettɛawad Murad.
Maca ma tettwalid ila din s tidett ijjen leɛgzan n uɣelluy zzat i merra manaya?
Ad iniɣ wah. Wer ssineɣ ca ma awal n lɛegzan ittas-d nican, maca netta d ijjen usirem mani i daneɣ-iqqar ila Uruppa wer tqebbel ca beṭṭu mɣir mala teksi beṭṭu-nni ila wer ittegg ca imxumbal. Maca Murad netta d ijjen beṭṭu ittegg imxumbal.
Tḥajit n Murad tettmrusa-d zzat i uxarres i zi nettegg neccin zi beṭṭu d lmeɛna-nnes. Nzemmer ad t-neqbel mintra wer x-aneɣ ittegg ca bezzez ḥuma a nesmxumbel tabridt n tudert-nneɣ.
Di tidett, aqqa d tarwa n imetlaɛ i yeggin aprussisus n wetlaɛ, min d-sskanen qa d ijjen wemxumbel yewta iẓuran deg wamun awruppi.
Min xseɣ ad iniɣ ila deg Uruppa, da imxumbal-a n beṭṭu, maca xmi nettemsagar aked min ibḍan isgeɛɛad-d imxumbal-a ɣer tzeqqa. Ixess a x-aneɣ nenḍar lɛegzan, a x-aneɣ nekkes ila neccin nemsebḍa.
Nettaf aprutagunist wer ixes ca ad yili d ameslem, ittemseqsa mamec i zzag-s ɣa yerwel, ad zzag-s yennfekk. Ma aya ittafen iḥudriyen imselmen i iẓekkʷan akud-a zi tudert-nnsen?
Ad iniɣ wah, neccin merra, s ijjen wudem niɣ s wenniḍen, nekka x uprusissus-a.
Xseɣ ad sserɣeɣ tfawt x wemnaḍ-a aspanyu, i yella d wenni i ssneɣ nec: tiwacunin i d-yusin deg iseggusa n 80, 90, am tsatalt n lwalidin n Murad niɣ inni inu, meɣren deg ijjen twennaḍt i zi ttacan nitni msebḍan.
Nekkerfes seg useqsi adini, minzi ca n twalatin nfehhem ddin axmi d ijjen ḥajet i daneɣ-itterran s isuraf ɣer deffer. Wa d fayyu mala nettwala-t ammu, d Murad d ijjen wemknaw. L’islam maci d adwal ɣer deffer.
Xmi tettacid ila cekk d ameslem, uca tettɛiced deg ijjen wegdud isrusa ddin ɣer deffer qaɛ, wer x-as iḥesseb, ɣer-i nec wa d “qabu itteggen iwezwizen”.
Farida, tayemmat-nni, tettemkabar ḥuma ad tesmun lwacun i ibedden x ddin, mamec tbedd ula x useɣdi. Mamec i tettegg tettirar x ddegg-a n iseɣditen?
Ttwaliɣ di Farida aṭṭas n temɣarin n twacunt-inu i ttuɣa ssneɣ.
Ɣer-i nec, Farida, nettat d asaru n tḥajit-a merra. Bla nettat, wer tzemmer ad tili din la tḥajit la wudem-nni n uyezzum i kid-s ikessi Murad.
Tessen Farida ad tegg ijjen ḥajet, imken menaya iẓekkʷa tidelsiwin, d ta d tabridt i zi tessugur iseɣditen maḥend ad tesmun twacunt. D ta d tẓuri-nnes, xmi tsxeddam ddin ḥuma ad teqqim teṭṭef di tmunit n twacunt.
Ɛwed, ilaq a nefhem ijjen tmeslayt x temɣarin-a: wami telɛent i twalat tamezwarut, ejjint ɣer awerna-tsent merra amezruy-nnsent, tiddukliwin-nnsent, tiwacunin-nnsent, tracca-nnsent tamunant, d merra min jjint ɣer deffer-nnsent.