Yekka Sebastián Acevedo 3 n wussan d netta yettraḥ, ittas-d jar kumisiriyat n pulisiya, tiɣlisin, lbirawat n lḥukuma d ixxamen n tɣemsa.
Iqqim axeddam-a Atcili bu 50 iseggusa irezzu x ca n tumlayin i t ɣa igewwden ɣer tarwa-nnes, María Candelaria d Galo, i ttuɣa yettwaḥebbsen deg wammas anamur n tumlayin (CNI), wanita i ttuɣa yellan d lbiru n lmuxabarat ɣer usistim n Augusto Pinochet.
Maca ula d ijjen ma iɛawen-it.
Bla ma ad yaf ca n temrarut, amen iqḍeɛ layas, xenni deg wass n 11 nuwanbir 1983, d netta iqqim ɣer Tkatidralt n temdint Concepción, i d-yusin deg wammas-ayeffus n Tcili, xenni ikebb x ixef-nnes lisanes uca yewca-as timessi.
Aweddeb di playa blanka.
Zi lebda, ttuɣa Sebastián Acevedo tteḥsaben-t d “ababat n tidett”, mani mma aqqa-t yeḥḍer.
Illa yella d axeddam di lefḥem deg wemkan umi qqaren Coronel, deg wammas-ayeffus n Tcili, ca n twalatin ittili d abeḥri, ittbeddal min d-igemmer s tyaẓiḍin niɣ s uysum ḥuma ad issec twacunt-nnes.
Ila icci-itt x tmuzikt d tɣuri, illa yeɛlem di taddart-nnes tameẓẓyant ijjen tesdlist dag-s ca n 2000 n idlisen i yessawalen x waṭṭas n isental am umezruy d lmaṭ niɣ ljaber.
Waxxa ttuɣa-t d amasiḥi n tidett, maca ila yudef aked umulli aciyuɛi, mamec i yudef, di twalat d icten, akked Taseḍma n imeddukal n Salvador Allende (GAP).
Zi rebɛa n tarwa-nnes, tnayen idsen udfen aked Tiḥḥudra taciyuɛit deg wakud n Augusto Pinochet.
Icten ila qqaren Maria Candelaia – baba-s ila yettlaɣa-as “m-tḍaṛin n tejḍiḍt” – d Galo i yeggin ijjen weɣnas s tnuffra deg wakud-nni amenni.
Di 1983, tnayen-a n wawamaten udfen di llista n yeɛdawen n usistim.
Xenni, di 09 nuwanbir n useggʷas-nni s ixef-nnes, kṭer zi 30 n yergazen udfen x taddart n Sebastián Acevedo ḥma ad ṭṭfen Candelaria. Deg wawal-nnes aked BBC Mundo, ɛad tetteɛqal ila yallah mamec txes ad tejmeɛ ca n warruḍ-nnes qbel ma ad as-ggen pursilat, d banda x tiṭṭawin-nnes, uca bbẓen-tt deg ijjen ṭṭumubil.
Tenna: “Yeẓra baba merra manaya. Wer t-jjin bu ad issiwel … “D ta d twalat tameggarut i di t-ẓriɣ“.
Taḥudrit-nni min ttuɣa ɣer yella ca n 25 n iseggusa, d tayemmat n tnayen n iḥenjiren, weyyen-tt ɣer ijjen wammas n uḥebbes zzat i Playa Blanka, i wer yeggʷijen mɣar s ca n ikilumitren x mani ttuɣa tzeddeɣ, deg ubilaj n Coronel.
Din, ssekken-tt x-as d taberkant, teẓra din muc d ungal.
Tetteɛqal x min das-yemsaren : “wtin-ayi, wtin-ayi ɣer imeẓẓuɣen. Ggin xafi bezzez ḥma ad kkseɣ arruḍ-inu, ggin-ayi ttrisinti deg yegmamen-inu imarawen d imukan-nniḍen di arrimet-inu”.
Deg wakud-nni nit, tufa Candelaria ila uma-s Galo ula d netta aqqa-t deg wammas n uḥebbes-nni. Ttuɣa ṭṭfen-t ijjen tseɛɛet d wezgen awern-as, di ccarika n lebni mani ila ixeddem netta.
Ggin-ten udem ɣer wenniḍen, sseqsan-ten ma ssnen ayawya. Yenker Galo, uca weddben-t ula d netta, i tenna Candelaria.
Awerni tlata n wussan i yesseɛdan deg wammas n uḥebbes i yellan zzat i Playa Blanka, dewlen awmaten-nni wer ssinen man-t lweqt i di llan.
Ussan bbarwyen
Deg wakud-nni, baba-s n iḥenjiren-nni wer yejji amkan mani wer x-asen yerzu dag-s.
Tekka Josefina Morandé, i yellan d tamessufeɣt, xirebbi n iseggusa d nettat trezzu x tmeslayt-a tanita i udikumuntir-nnes: “El don Absoluto : la vida de Sebastián Acevedo” i d-yeffɣen amen ɛad.
Teḍhar-d dag-s Elena Sáez tamɣart n Acevedo d yemma-s n Candelaria d Galo, wami tzemmem ijjen ubidyu deg useggʷas n 1983, awerni ca n wussan x wexḍaf n tarwa-nnes.
Tɛawed Sáez ijjen cwayt zi min x-asen ikkin d nitni rezzun x tarwa-nnsen.
“Mani mma nraḥ, wer ten-nettif. Deg wass wis tnayen, nrewweḥ-d ɣer tnayen n tuffut, di lkar ameggaru. Nniɣ-as : “A neqqim nettraja-ten…”; xenni yenna-ayi: “Sell-d ɣer-i, mala texsed, ad d-nawi tarwa-nnem waxxa ɣa yili mmuten!” “yallah zid”. I d-teɛawed Sáez.
Aqḍaɛ n layas i ileqfen wul n Acevedo, yudef deg ijjen wakud issullesen n tmurt n Tcili.
Ca n ɛecra n iseggusa qbel, ttuɣa yeṭṭef Pinochet leḥkem zegga i t-iqleb x arrayes asusiyal Salvador Allende.
Pinochet yegga ijjen usistim, alaḥsab aṭṭas n tegrawin n tidett, i d-yejjin ca n 40 000 n teɣtasin (victimes), zzag-sen iwdan nɣin-ten, imeḥbas i sweḍḍren d imeḥbas isertanen.
“Wami yeẓra ila tarwa-nnes dewlen d imeḥbas, yeqḍeɛ layas minzi ila yessen zemmren wer d-ttbinen ɛad. Ttuɣa ggʷdeɣ wer qqimeɣ a ten-ẓreɣ ɛad”. D aya i tenna Marcela Morilla tenn ibedden x udikumuntir i d-tessufeɣ Josefina Morandé x Sebastian Acevedo.
Xenni, axeddam-a, ibda yettɛic ca n wussan d iɛeffanen.
Wer yeṭṭis, wer yecci. Ttuɣa ɣer-s mɣar ijjen wemnus: “ad yerzu x tarwa-nnes”.
Zegga yegga merra min ɣer-s d jjehd – yegga isutar ɣer lmexzen Atcili, mamec iraḥ ɣer lkumisariyat d teɣlisin – ar mani yetter twiza zeg ijjen usaḥafi qqaren-as Mario Aravena, umi yenna ila wer yefhim ca mayemmi i ten-snuffuren, zeɛma tarwa-nnes.
Xenni, yenna-as i Aravena belli ad iqqim yeṭṭef di tɣawsa-ya, “waxxa i ɣa yessekmeḍ ixef-nnes“.
Menbeɛd, yenna usaḥafi-nni, deg umezwaru, wer t-yumin min das-yenna amenni.
Asekmeḍ
Di jjemɛa 11 nuwanbir, yesɣa Sebastián Acevedo tnayen n lbidawat n lisanes d ijjen mutciru.
Ɣer 15h30, zegga yegga llayhennik x temɣart-nnes, iraḥ ɣer tkaṭidralt n Concepción.
Alaḥsab taɣemsa n wakud-nni, yegga wergaz-a fista-nnes ɣer tewwurt, nnekwet-nnes uca iraḥ d netta iqqar-asen ila yeggur ad yessekmeḍ ixef-nnes.
Amen yegga amenni, ikebb x ixef-nnes lisans, iwta x ca n ṭṭbulat d netta ittetter tumlayin x tarwa-nnes zeg ijjen ubulisi.
Abulisi-nni, ila yettxes ad t-isbedd, uca issreɣ deg ixef-nnes timessi.
Amen dag-s i teṭṭef timessi, yehwa-d zi tkatidralt, yeẓwa-d azzreg ameqqran n temdint d netta isɣuyyu, ittxes tidett n tarwa-nnes.
Ca n yewdan i x-as d-ikkin, qqimen ttbehḍen di min ẓerrent tiṭṭawin-nnsen, ggin tizemmar-nnsen ḥuma ad t-ɛawnen.
Maca manayenni wer yecci di walu.
Deg udikumuntir n Josefina Morandé, nettaf ababat Enrique Moreno, i ttuɣa yellan yeḥḍer dinni, ɛad itteɛqal-as yus-d ɣer-s ijjen wergaz ihrura merra, yudes-d ɣer-s ḥuma a x-as iɛezzem.
“iqqim iqqar: ‘ataɣ CNI ad ayi-d-rren tarwa-inu, ataɣ CNI ad ayi-d-rren tarwa-inu’ “, d aya i yɛawed deg ufilm.
95% zi arrimet-nnes tekmeḍ, weyyen xenni Sebastián Acevedo ɣer spiṭar n jjihet-nnsen.
Deg wakud-nni s ixef-nnes ɛlaḥal, ad as-ḍelqen i yelli-s Candelaria uca weyyen Galo ɣer leḥbes amatu di temdint n Concepción.
“M-tḍarin n tejḍiḍt”.
Min d ɣa yeḍfren manaya, ittsemma zegga i das-d-rxun, ad t-tɛawed Maria Candelaria i BBC Mundo.
“Deg wass wami issekmeḍ baba ixef-nnes, usin-d a xaf-i rzun deg wemkan mani ila dayi-yeṭṭfen, uca nnan-ayi ila qa din ijjen ubabat yuɣ-it wemnus-nneɣ, s uyenni i ixess ad ayi-rxun ssa.
Wami raḥeɣ ɣer taddart, sqarqbeɣ x tewwurt d weltma tenna-ayi-d: ‘tessned min yemsaren? Baba-m issekmeḍ ixef-nnes di tkaṭidralt.
Zi senni ffɣeɣ zi taddart deɣya, ruḥeɣ ɣer spiṭar maḥend ad ẓreɣ manayenni ma nican ma lla.
Ijjen bu ttaksi yewwi-ayi ɣer uɣawel. Sseqsiɣ x baba ma aqqa-t din, nnan-ayi wah, illa yella din.
Nnan-ayi ad rajiɣ. Aḍbib, d ubabat, d ufirmiru ffɣen-d… Illa xsen ad ayi-wcen ijjen lmesker. Nniɣ-asen: ‘wer t-ḥwijeɣ, merra min rezzuɣ luxa, ad ssneɣ di mant lḥal i di yella baba.’
Xenni sseqsan baba ma izemmer ad ayi-iẓer. Yenna-asen lla; wer ixes ad t-ẓreɣ mamec i t-ttuɣa amenni, ttuɣa ixes ad ḥḍiɣ fuṭu-nni i x-as ksiɣ qbel ma ad issekmeḍ ixef-nnes.
Zi senni, nnan-ayi ma zemmreɣ akid-s ssiwleɣ s ijjen intirfun.
Lḥajet d tameẓwarut i dayi-yenna, ad as-iniɣ min ttuɣa i dayi-yettlaɣa wami ila lliɣ d taḥenjirt. Xseɣ ad as-kunfirmaɣ ila d nnec.
“m tḍarin n tejḍiḍt”, i x-as rriɣ.
Zi senni, yenna-ayi ad ttenhelliɣ deg uma ḥma ad yeffeɣ zi leḥbes. Iwess-ayi ad rebbiɣ tarwa-inu x uweqqar, ad ilin d iwdan seggmen, ad ten-rebbiɣ x lmeɛqul. Yenna-ayi ad ttenhelliɣ ula di yemma.
Iwa, manaya yejja-ayi d nnec i ɣa yeksin twacunt x yiri-inu.
Awern-as, wer wwiḍeɣ ad ssneɣ min din ar mani d azgen n llilet, wami dayi-iɛelmen s lmewt n baba.
Mayemmi manaya ibeddel deg umezruy n Tcili?
Min igga amenni Sebastián Acevedo yejja ijjen later d ameqqran di tmurt n Tcili. Ca n 15 000 n yewdan i das-iḥeḍren di legnazet-nnes.
Targazt-nnes, tejja aṭṭas n tmurganin timasiḥiyin d inni ittbeddan kuntra i Pinochet ad bedden x iḍaren-nnsen.
Awern-as, yettwagg “unhezzi n Sebastián Acevedo kuntra i uweddeb” x yisem-nnes, xenni bdan feṭṭḥen-d ttaɛeddu ittemsaren x izerfan n wemdan, manaya ila yella x ixef-nnes ubabat Atcili José Aldunate.
Tudef Irène Cambias deg unhezzi-ya x 21 n useggʷas.
Deg wawal-nnes aked BBC Mundo, tenna belli Sebastián Acevedo ɣer-s netta d ijjen tikunt n wemseksi anefra (pacifique) kuntra i tdiktaturit.
“Wami i ɣa isḍuqqez taremmant-nni, ila yessen belli aṭṭas n midden ttɛicen lḥal-nnes… Manayenni walli yegg-it x tarwa-nnes waha, maca x Tcili amen tekmel.”
“Xenni, ila negga timeslayin merra: tikkest x macca, tikliwin, imherwaḍa… Di Tcili, aṭṭas n yewdan ila wer uminen belli ittemsar uweddeb. Akmaḍ-nnes ila yella d ccihed x uweddeb illa yellan di tmurt n Tcili”, i d-tenna.
Tamessufeɣt Josefina Morandé, d wa d array-nnes:
“Tɣawsa-ya tesban-d min illa ittemsaren. Ttuɣa wer zemmren ad snuffren manaya ɛad. Ijjen ameknaw awzir n tezrfet umi qqaren Monica Madariaga, yegga tizemmar-nnes maḥend ad iɛebbeẓ x weḍbib n Sebastián Acevedo bac ad as-ibeddel ssibbet n lmewt-nnes. Maca aḍbib yeṭṭef deg wawal-nnes, zeɛma ila Sebastián yemmut s wekmaḍ”.
Teqqar Morandé ila tameslayt-a n Sebastián Acevedo s lhimmet-nnes minzi temmal-d min ila ittemsaren di tmurt n Tcili deg iseggusa n 1983.
“Aseggʷas-a s lhimmet-nnes minzi dag-s i kumasant timeskanin timezwura ttbanent-id. Bdan iwdan hekkʷan ɣer uzabuq ḥuma ad ɣewwɣen. Asekmeḍ-a, yejja aseggʷas-nni ad yili ilellec”. I d-tenna.
Xelli rxun-as-d i Candelaria deg wass wami issekmeḍ baba-s ixef-nnes. Tnayen n simanat awern-as ɛawed, ad as-ɛawden ad tt-ṭṭfen.
Di twalat-a, weyyen-tt ɣer leḥbes amatu, abeɛda familya-nnes ssnen mani i tt-wyyen.
Tekka day-s ijjen useggʷas d cehrayen.
Amenni i yemsaren akked uma-s Galo, wcin-as aṭṭas n ttuham-nneḍni am : “twaggit n tseḍmiwin i icellxen deg izerfan, d wuḍuf n lesneḥ iḍḍuqquzen”. Zi senni, yekka di leḥbes tnayen n iseggusa.
Ass-a, ttwalan min igga amenni baba-tsen maci ḥa isnejm-iten-d waha, maca issenjem tudert n waṭṭas n Itciliyen-nniḍen.
Taɣarsiwt-nnes, i teqqar Candelaria, ttuɣa-tt d “timegga n tmexsa d uɣewweɣ”.
Tura-tt: Fernanda Paúl i BBC Mundo