Tilelli n wawal. D ijen tesɣart di tudert ad yini uterras min yexs mani ma yexs, ad yefser tmuɣri‑nnes di tmeslayin i yellan merra, s wawal, s tira niɣ/ra s tteswirt. Bla ma yegga xaf‑s ḥedd aɣil, a t-yini niɣ wer t-yeqqar.
Tilelli n wawal d ijjten tesɣart zeg izerfan n yewdan, Tettili di ddustur n tmurt aked ddsass n izerfan n imezdaɣ‑nnes, urid d lqanun n ccreɛ waha. Ḥima wer t‑tbeddil lḥukuma, a zay-s tekref ijurnalisten, d yewdan i yexsen ad inin ca n wawal wer das-yeɛjib.
Di min yeqqnen s waṭṭas ɣer Tlelli n wawal, din tilelli n uneɣmis. Aneɣmis ilelli, d maḥend a ɣer‑s tawḍed, ɛemmers ad yili bla tilelli n wawal. Xmi ittaɣ ddustur x tɣuni n tmenna (Censorship), lḥukuma wer tettif minzi ɣa teqqen tiwura x ineɣmisen.
Di tmura i wer yellin d tidiktaturiyyin, tettili tɣuni n tmenna s jjehd n ddustur, memnuɛ.
Asijji x umezruy
Awal x yizref‑a yebda awarn i tegrawla n 1688 deg Uglanzi, dinni i ggin lqanun n:
“Tlelli n wawal deg uberlaman. Di tseqqar n wegdud di Fransa 1789 Artikel wiss 11:
«un des droits les plus précieux de l’Homme »
|« d ijen tesɣart n yewdan tiɣla»
Di lweqt‑a, tasɣart‑a d tenni d ddsas n tdimuqratit di ddunit.
Evelyn Beatrice Hall tura x Voltaire:
“I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.”
“Wer qbileɣ, min tennid, maca ad mmteɣ x tesɣart-nnec, ad tinid min texsed”
Malla nerni nedwel ɣer deffar, nettaf John Stuart Mill (1806 – 1873) zeg imezgura i yessiwlen x izref n wawal mani yenna:
|“Malla merra yewdan di ddunit ɣer‑sen ijjen tmuɣri, uca din ijjen ɣer‑s Tmuɣri temsebḍa akid‑s. Malla nessusem ijjen nni, attaf axmi ijjen-nni yeqqen aqemmum i ddunit merra, malla ɣer‑s jjehd”
Tilelli n wawal di Legnus:
Di Fransa ini min texsed ari min texsed, wer ssiɣa timessi jer legnus, wer tteẓẓu tukkarhi deg ugḍuḍ. Arrasa d ddin d yixḍar Azfi (sexuality). Aṭṭas n Ukritik i Fransa zeg yinni i yeddafaɛen x izerfan n yewdan, ttwalan Fransa tetteg lferz. Teqqen x wawal x ca n tmeslayin, maca x ca nniḍen lla.
Aliman di “Grundgesetz” i yellan d ddustur‑nnes, ittic di Artikel 5 azref n wawal d tmuɣri. Maca yebna leḥyuḍ am yenni n Fransa, rni ɣer‑sen ittaɣ x ‘kruc iqewsen n tnazit.’
Tibridin‑a mrawasent deg waṭṭas n tmura n Uruppa tacerqit d tɣerbit, mkul ijj d leḥyuḍ-nnes, din mani ktaren, din mani udrusen. Timura n waɛraben waxxa idusturen-nsent ssawalen x izerfan n wawal d tmuɣri, nzemmar a nini ssawalen x-as kter zi tmura n irumiyen. Maca ɛad leḥbusat-nsent ccuren s ijurnalisten, d yewdan i yennan ca n wawal wer yeɛjib i lmexzen.
Zzat i Ccinwa d Iran d Nordkoria, i yellan d ineggura di lista n tmura i itticcen tilelli ad tinid min texsed, nettaf din Ssaɛud, Yaman, Surya, Libya.
Tammurt‑nneɣ:
Ddustur n Lmeɣrib iḍemmen tilelli n wawal d tjurnalit. Di tidet, aṭṭas n wekraf i yettwaggen i tlelli‑ya, s jjehd n lqanun ɛad. Aɛmud i tteggen ipulisen, tikkest n arruxsat n ijurnalen, d wefray i yettwaggen x tlibizyun, itticc ijjen teswirt i wegdud ad yessen min wer yeqqar.
Neẓra deg iseggusa‑ya ineggura min yemsarn aked Lḥirak n Arif. Awal niɣ aneɣmis waha x umussu ittawi ɣer wekraf, mani ɛad malla tfeḍḥed timegga n lmexẓen. Min ittemsaren ɛawed di sseḥra, yerwes waxxa ɣir cwayt di Arif, malla tennid awal wer itteɛjiben i lmexzen, a cek-jemɛen.
Malla teffɣed tabridt i yegga lmexzen n tjurnalit (i das‑yeccaten deg wallun), ameknaw Ɛali Anzula, a dak-tyura di lḥebs d webrusi anict n min t‑iqedden. Deg iseggusa yeɛdan aṭṭas n ijurnalen i yeqqen lmexzen, minzi ssiwlen x leqsar, niɣ feḍḥen timegga tiɛeffanin n DST. Jer 180 n tmura, Lmuɣrib yus-dd wiss 135 deg umaḍal di tlelli n tjurnalit aseggʷas n 2019.
Tilelli 2.0
Agdud yerwel ɣer internet, zegga ira ɛad wer ggin lqanun x tmenna di internet. Mani bdan imeɣnas d yewdan qaɛ ttarin x pulitik di Social Media, dinni yebda ra d lmexzen ad issewjed iseɣwan. Asufeɣ n lqanun i ikerrfen tilelli n wawal d uneɣmis, ixeddem tiẓi n lmexzen d ilubiten (lobbyist) i yeṭṭfen tamurt, zi ttajir aneggar ar ajellid.
Tiɣuni x wawal di ddin, tus-dd aked umussu n 20 brayer 2011, minzi imɣewɣen i iyuran di ssaḥet ttuɣa rezzun tilelli n ddin, dinni yenna wemɣar n lḥubus belli wenni ɣa ibeddlen ddin-nnes ixess ad ittwaneɣ. Ddustur i dd-yusin d amaynu, yegga ipilaren i ddewla, zay-sen ajellid, ddin, d tmunt n tmurt. Tina i yedwel ittaf‑iten lmexzen d tabridt a zag‑sent yekref agdud, xmi wer das-ittif minxef.
Aṭṭas n ijurnalisten i yettwatṭfen minzi nnan ca n wawal wer yeɛjib i lmexzen, aṭṭas n iḥudriyen aqqa-ten di lḥebs x tzemmimin n facebook. Ijjen zag‑sen yudef x Like yegga‑t i tteswirt n Nasser Zefzafi.
Tameggarut n lqanun i dd-yessufuɣ uberlaman, yeqqar belli malla tɛeyybed sselɛet n Lmuɣrib ad tadfed leḥbes ad txellsed abrusi yemɣar, manaya yejja ddunit tejjiwen x Lmuɣrib taḍeḥḥakt.
X imuntifen d jjdid, ṭṭfen ɛawed ajurnalist Ɛumar Raḍi!
Mkul ayur niɣ d asegguas ad yeffeɣ ca n wamun d ameḍlan s ca n arrapur (tteqrir) yessawal x wekraf di Lmuɣrib. Amnesty deg uyur n brayer yeɛdun, tekritika axḍaf i yegga lmexẓen i waṭṭas n imeɣnas ssiwlen x ujellid niɣ ca n lwazir niɣ d ca n uxeddam n ddewla. Xmi i ten‑tteṭṭfen ttahamen-ten s “uxarreq deg ineɣmisen”, niɣ s uzeɛzeɛ n lehna n tmurt, niɣ belli kksen taqcurt x ujellid.