Yura-t: Sufyan Lhani
Drus xmi ila dd-ittadef unaẓur ameɣnaj Sellam Arifi, deg yiɣennijen-ines, s teɣri i yezlan niɣ i tqessist ig ittɣennaj, maca g uzemmem-ines aqdim ig iga i uɣennij n “Iraḥ ad iseyyeḍ” iffɣen gi beddu n tekli-ines deg yiger n uɣennej, yixḍar Sellam Arifi ad yadef s teɣri i tqessist d tasebḥant tεejb-ayi bezzaf wami xaf-s ɣa ɣliɣ deg wussan n unebdu n 2004 [tikermin i unhezzi n tmurt n Arif], iqqar gi beddu ya:
“Iraḥ ad iseyyeḍ,
Seεεa ittwaseyyeḍ
Tmenε-it s djeqqaḍ
Yugi ad as-iḥeyyed..
Inna-ac nεam a sidi
Ac tt-iniɣ d setta w settin
D tsekkurt n tt i d-yarsin
Iwt-itt buεemran
War ‘s issin..
Iwt–tt rbaz rmeskin
Iksi-tt-id jar tfassin d tḍarin
Inna as arwaḥ ad nirar tixummisin
Ruxa wadji d tixummisin
umi war nessin
Nxezzar i tseggʷasin-a i dd-yusin!”
G unebdu n 2011 gi Lḥusima, ila nettɣima ar ssbeḥ necc d yijj umeddukel inu qqarn-as Yusef (ittedder g Umarikan luxa), uxa ur nettrewwiḥ ɣar tudrin-nneɣ ar ɣa nreyyeq gi “Lqehwa n Cceεb”. Deg yijj n ssbeḥ, ag necnin nettreyyaq berra i Lqehwa ya, ttwaliɣ Amedyaz Arifi Ccix Ɛmaruc iṭṭar-dd zeg uṭaksi ameẓẓyan ḥuma ad ireyyeq ula d netta, ila ssneɣ-t gi min iεdan ag yijj n εzizi (Ḥmed Lhani) uxa ila xmi tt-id-tettawi ttafeɣ-t gi ci n lqehwa niɣ ci n tmeɣra ttɣimiɣ ttemsawaleɣ akid-s x min iqqnen ɣar Yimedyazen d Yimeɣnaj n Arif, kessiɣ zag-s aṭṭas n tmeslayin i ɣur-sen iqqnen.
Wami dd ɣa iḍḍar Ccix Ɛmaruc zeg uṭaksi, isseqsa-ayi x mux giɣ d min tteggeɣ d ma giɣ ci n tqessisin d timaynutin [minzi ila issen-ayi εawed tteggeɣ tiqessisin wami dd ɣa ssufɣeɣ tasfift-inu gi 2009] d mux iga εzizi d twacunt-inu [ila issen ula d baba d εzizi ameqqran Muḥemmed], zi ssinni inna-ay “ad raḥeɣ ad ssirdeɣ azellif d yifassen uxa ad dd-dewleɣ a nessiwel cway”.
Wami i dd ɣa idwel, ag usali-ines i ureyyeq, nejbed-dd awal am lebda x min iqqnen ɣar uɣennej d yezlan d tẓuri n Yimedyazen, uxa yugur zeg-neɣ wawal armi i dd-inna s tḍeḥḥayt “Iraḥ ad iseyyeḍ, seεεa ittwaseyyeḍ”. Da, ufiɣ ixef-inu ttseqsiɣ-t x uzemmem aqdim n Sellam Arifi i uɣennij n “Iraḥ ad iseyyeḍ” d wawalen n beddu-ines. Inna-ayi:
– Qa awalen n uɣennij-a d iqdimen aṭṭas g umezruy-nsen, aɣennij-a ila illa d taqessist d tameqqrant ttεawaden awalen-ines s tnuffra Yimedyazen Imezgura n Arif mix ur dd-nxecc necnin, minzi dag-s cway n wawalen d iεeffanen [taqessist d tayrutikt]. Qqimen ttwaεawaden wawalen n tqessist-a, kessin-ten yimeẓẓyanen x yimeqqranen armi i dd-uwḍen ɣar Ccix Muḥend manis ten-dd-iksi umeḥḍar-ines Sellam Arifi i ten ɣa izemmen gi kasiṭa, maca Sellam ikkes zzeg-sen awalen-nni iεeffanen, ijja min ismeεεanen ɣar-sen waha.
Ɛdan wussan, usin-dd yenneḍḍen. Wami ɣa zemmeɣ ad ɣreɣ gi Tɣuriwin Timaziɣin gi Wejda, yusi-dd yijj n wass gi 2013, giɣ dag-s ijj uneskin (exposé – عرض) ɣar tselmadt Zahiya Afellay x lmizan n Lalla Buya bu 12 n tifar (syllabes). Zi mix tteεqaleɣ nniɣ-t g uneskin-a i tselmadt-inu, nniɣ qa imerzuten i war issinen mliḥ mux ggurent tmeslayin n lmizan n Buya jjin imxumbal mɣaren g uzemmem-nsen i yezlan d tqessisin i dd-grun zi ddcurat d tqebbal, yugur zeg-neɣ wawal necc d tselmadt-inu armi dayi dd-tejbed ismawen n waṭṭas n yedlisen ittwaggen x yezlan d tqessisin n Arif, zegsen Byarnay (1917) d Rinisyu (1932) i war ɣriɣ εemmers qbel i uneskin-a, tenna-ayi “ssijj xaf-sen, xzer min ggin yina gi tmeslayt n lmizan, uxa egg xaf-s ci n terzut-nneɣni, ad ak-wceɣ ci n wass ad dag-s tegged lεarḍ / aneskin”.
Wami ɣa kkreɣ ad ssijjeɣ x udlis n Byarnay ig issufeɣ gi 1917 adu uzwel “Etudes sur les dialectes berbères du Rif” [Tiɣuriwin x tentaliwin timaziɣin n Arif], nxelεeɣ wami ɣa ẓreɣ g udlis-a awalen ttawin-dd εlayen gi tqessist manis i dd-iksi Sellam Arifi aɣennij-ines “Iraḥ ad iseyyeḍ”. Awalen-a, ig ufiɣ ɣar Byarnay, iεawd-as-ten Ḥmed u-Buker, zi ddcar n Yiger Ɛeyyac gi teqbilt n Yibeqquyen amux inna Byarnay gi tmawt tamezgarut n tesna tis 358 (note 1, p.358).
Qqaren wawalen-ines:
Sawsi! [*1] Tasekkurt diha yarsin!
Iḥewweq-dd xas rbaz rmeskin, tarsa jar tfaḍisin
Inna-as: as-ggeɣ tixmisin tini-imunsin[*2]!
Midden ttejjan-dd tibriɣin timuqyusin!
Necnin nejja tibriɣin timḥusin
Tticcent s udi [*3] ameknaw tifunasin
Tteɣnunusent [*4] g inifas ameknaw tifidjusin
Neṭṭwent tifargan ameknaw tiɣirasin!” [Biarnay, 1917:369]
Rid da waha i ɣa ibedd unexleε-inu, aqa wami ɣa kkeɣ g useggʷas n 2014 gi snat n tenfulin (vol I et II) n tsersit (thèse – أطروحة) ig iga uselmad Ɛebdelmuṭṭaleb Zizawi x tedyazt tarifit adu uzwel (La poésie rifaine, de l’oral à l’écrit: continuité et rupture, asuger Ḥasan Benεaqiya, Taɣiwant n tsekliwin d tmassanin tinefganin – Wejda, aseggʷas amesdaw 2011-2012), nxelεeɣ εawed wami ẓriɣ yuwi-dd uselmad Ɛebdelmuṭṭaleb Zizawi cway zi tqessist manis dd-iqeẓẓef Sellam Arifi aɣennij ines “iraḥ ad iseyyeḍ”, awalen-a iεawd-as-ten umerzu d unaẓur Ḥasan Tidrin i ten-dd-igrun zi twengimt tamiwant, nkessi-dd awalen-a amux llan gi tsersit:
Nniɣ-ak, a ccix-inu!
Nniɣ-ak-tt, war nessen war nessin.
Nniɣ-ak-tt x tsekkurt-nni i dd-ihwin zi tlemsin,
Yeww-itt uberreεman war das-issin,
Iww-itt lbaz, iksi-tt jar ṭṭarin d tfassin
Iww-itt ar tuftisin.
Inna-as: “A illi-s n εemmi! Rid d tuxmisin war nessin
Iwdan ttawyen tinerba d timiɣisin,
Necnin nettawey tinerba d timmewsin
Textutturent di teḥwiṭin, amaknaw tfillusin
Teqnunnuyent di tefrawin amaknaw tfunasin”. (La poésie rifaine, de l’oral à l’écrit: continuité et rupture, vol II, p.228).
Da i tt ɣa nejj!
(Ad ssiwleɣ gi min dd igguren x tqessist-a, ad geɣ tizemmar ḥuma ad ḍefreɣ amezruy-ines d yisental i ɣur-s iqqnen ḥuma ad aneɣ-tessiweḍ ɣar yijj uxezzer imɣar ɣar tẓuri n Yimedyazen d uzeεεem-nsen x yizerfan n tegrawin n Arif d mux ila ttwalan yewdan min tteggen Yimedyazen-a.)
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[*1] “Sawsi” ur ɣur-s bu anamek g yiles n Yibeqquyen niɣ g yelsawen n Arif, maca s usuɣel i das- iga Byarnay ɣar tefransist adu “doucement!”, nettefham zag-s ila imxaṭa gi mux ɣa yari “cway cway” (doucement) uxa yura-tt “sawsi”. Amxaṭi am wa, wḍan dag-s waṭṭas n Yinemzaɣen (berbérisants) ila ur isferrizen ci mliḥ min tteslan, s uya ila ttawḍen ad dd-sakren awalen ur llin gi tmaziɣt xmi ttnekkaren ad arin min ur slin mliḥ.
[*2] yura Byarnay “tini-imunsin”, illan d amxaṭi jar min isla d min yura. Awal-a kmummsen dag-s waṭṭas n yiferdisen inmawalen (unités lexicales) illan d: “tinni i umi ur nessin” (tinni mix ur ɣur-neɣ tamusni). Amxaṭi ya gi min isla, issers-it ag umxumbel n unamek i das-iwca wami ɣa ikker ad issuɣel awal gi (note 3, p.369) ɣar tefransist adu “oublier” (ttu) [inna: “Dér. peut-être de نسى, oublier”], minzi “n_” nni n umatar udmawan (indice de personne) i yufa gi “ur nessin” ttɣil-as d aẓwar (racine) n umyag i das-ittɣil qa d “nsa, nessi” (ttu, ssettu) g uraq n “ssen”.
[*3] danitin yura Byarnay: “s udi”, maca zeg usuɣel-ines mindeg iga “Qui se donnent debout comme des vaches”, nettefham zag-s ila nettat d “s ubeddi”, uxa tusa-dd da s unamek d ayrutik ujar xmi “abeddi” izeggur-it-id umyag “ewc” (“tticcent” g uḍris).
[*4] tteɣnunusent: ttexnunnusent.