Amsawal aked uzlawi d unaẓur Amaziɣ ɛabid Ḥammic

ɛabid Ḥammic d memmis n Arif, ilul g usegg^was n 1959. Itri-ines g ujenna n “tedyazt tamaziɣt” (niɣ “asefru amaziɣ” amux i t-ittsemma netta) ibsisseq g usegg^was n 1982, s tqessisin-ines i ɣa ifser d awardi n tmexsa i tyemmat d tmagit tadelsant n Arif, d asedwel i umezruy n urdas, d asemɣer s yimeqqranen-ines imezrayen… ɛabid Ḥammic d anaẓur, netta d ijj zeg wi issersen tadesla n Tseḍma n Masinisa Tameɣnajt (Masinisa Band), i dd-issufɣen snat n tesfifin : tamezwarut g usegg^was n 2004 adu uzwel “Ini-ayi-dd ay ul-inu”; tis snat g usegg^was n 2011 adu uzwel “Baba”. Tisfifin-a gint-araq-nsent deg wulawen n marra wi itteslan i uɣennij Amaziɣ g Arif, s tcuni n tiwalin d teẓyuḍi n llɣa miz dd-usin…

Yura aṭṭas n tqessisin, yuli zeg-sent deg waṭṭas n tmesmunin Timaziɣin tidelsanin, tfesr-as zeg-sent tmesmunt n Masinisa i tussna d wayda n Tmzaiɣt di Lḥusima 13 n tqessisin deg wamud-ines amezwaru umi iga “Tamunt i tegrawla” g usegg^was n 2016 g usati n Unmuggar n Tebrat i Uɣennij Amaziɣ Iswan -tunuḍt tamezgarut- mig das-ɣa-tettwagg ula d teɣri i wamud-a deg wussan n tunuḍt-a. Amek das-ttwaggent waṭṭas n tsemɣurin, taneggarut-nsent d tasemɣurt i das- tegga tmesmunt-a s imant-ines di tunuḍt tis snat n unmuggar n Tebrat.

Negga kid-s taɣimit-a ḥuma ad aneɣ-issiwel dag-s cwayt x tekli- ines tanedyazt, manis dd-ikka d min iga d min issers g umuti-ines n 40 n yisegg^wusa ig iwta jar yiger n usefru d yiger n uɣennij, ad aneɣ- issiwel x uɣennij mig iga tfust ag tseḍma n Masinisa, d yemxumbal i tteddren yegran-a amek ten-iẓra / idder uzlawi ɛabid Ḥammic, d waṭṭas n waṭṭas zi tmeslayin i nxes ad aneɣ-issiwel xaf-sent…

Amsagar-a i kid-s negga yuwi-aneɣ-dd ijj umsawal d ameqqran, maca nqeẓẓef-dd zag-s min da dd-nesɛedda i tmeɣrit d umeɣri ḥuma ad ssijjen/t x uxezzer ɣar yegran-a s wamek xaf-sen ssawalen tinn d yenn dag-s itteggen tizemmar ḥuma ad t-ssiwḍen ɣar minzi t-nessen.

S. L. : Deg umezwar n umsawal-a, ma tzemmred ad aneɣ- tessiwled cwit xef mamek tessenta tekli-inek tanedyazt?

ɛ. Ḥ. : Tikli-inu tanedyazt tessenta wami ɣa tetleɛ yemma ɣar Uruppa, ad nini g usegg^was n 1977, s tqessisin d timeẓẓyanin, maca ɛemmars ma xerrseɣ ad sigiɣ g ubrid-a uka ad iliɣ di ci n wass d azlawi… Tira g umezgaru-nni ila ssadaseɣ zeg-sent ixf-inu ɣar yexf-inu waha, uka ila waxxa ttariɣ, maca d aṭṭas n tqessisin i jjiɣ ɣar yimeddukal-inu wami ila tent-id-ttẓemmiɣ zeg wul-inu, uka ur xaf-sent rzuɣ ula sseqsiɣ xaf-sent zi ssinni, maca axerres-inu ḥuma ad jjeɣ ɣari min ila ttariɣ ur dd-ibin nican armi d asegg^was n 1982 wami ɣa ssentiɣ rezzuɣ ɣar temɣarin timeqqranin xef yezlan d tqessisin timaziɣin tizaykutin i das-iwcin tudert d tazegrart i tutlayt Tamaziɣt.

Asenti-inu deg yiger tuɣa-t s tqessist umi giɣ “Imma-inu”; taqessist i dd iffɣen ɣar tudert zi tulleɣt n wul-inu, teffeɣ-dd s tazzla ḥuma ad taf araq-ines deg wulawen n wi ittexsen tayemmat… Maca waxxa amenni, ittɣima d asenti n wadaf ɣar wusun n yiger-a d min ɣar-s dd-innḍen, uka tikli-inu ur tessenti nican armi mliɣ i kra n yimerzuten min ila ttariɣ, dinn i day-i ɣa reẓmen tiṭṭawin ɣar yimal iknan gi tsekla, uka ad ggeɣ marra tizemmar-inu ḥuma ad dag-s sigiɣ, ad as-wceɣ min zagi ittraja.

S. L. : Zi min ittwassnen deg yegran am yiger a miz tettwassned, aqa timesmunin d yewdan ttazzlen ɣar wenn dd-ittbanen d amaynu g yiger-a ḥuma ad t-ssemsagaren ag wi ittexsen tiqessisin, ma isseqsa xaf-k ḥedd wami ɣa tessentid? niɣ teṭṭfed abrid-a weḥḥdek armi ɣa tettwassned s uɣennej gi Tseḍma n Masinisa?

ɛ. Ḥ. : Wami ɣa ssentiɣ deg yiger-a, uka ad kid-s issenta ula d aseqsi-inu i yimerzuten x mux ttwalan min ttariɣ, isbedd-ayi, deg yijj n wass, yijj umeddukel zeg yimessuguren n yict tmesmunt d tadelsant gi Lḥusima. Inna-ayi belli tamesmunt-nsen txes ad ayi-tessili ad ggeɣ tiqessisin g usini ameqqran n Lḥusima. Rriɣ xaf-s s yyeh bla ma ad xerrseɣ gi min dayi-ittrajan… Deg wass-nni n talayt-inu ɣar udukan n usini, udfeɣ ɣar usini, ufiɣ-t iccur s yewdan.

ɛad ttidareɣ ila ufiɣ, x udukan-nni, anaẓur Qusmit ila ittɣennajen dinni iɣennijen-ines imezgura miz ɣa ittwassen deg yiger n uɣennij. Ukiɣ s yict tegg^wdi, minzi tuɣa-t d ass-inu amezgaru mig ɣa msagareɣ aked wanectuya n yewdan i dd-innewjun ɣar tmesmunt, maca amesli n tcarrifin-ines ɛad ittennḍ-ayi deg yimeẓẓuɣen! Ssa i ɣa tessenta talayt-inu ag waṭṭas n tmesmunin i ɣa iqqimen ttlaɣant-ayi-dd ar wass-a, armi ur xafi-ikki usegg^was bla ma ad msagareɣ ag wi ittexsen ad isla i umaynu i das-dd- ttawiɣ.

S. L. : Mamek tuɣa xezzren yewdan, deg wakud-nni, ɣar wenn itteggen tiqessisin?

ɛ. Ḥ. : Amenn llan, deg wakud-nni, yenn deg-neɣ iɣrin i tuɣa ittsemɣaren s wanaw-a aseklan, maca neẓra ula d yenn ila ittzawaren azlawi s “bu yezlan” d unaẓur s “umedyaz” amenn ur irzu yijj zeg-sen g umawal-ines Amaziɣ ḥuma ad issen min dd-ttawin wawalen-a nican deg yiles-nneɣ. Amek llan, deg wakud-nni, yenn ila itteddren s sin n wudmawen, jar tmexsa-nsen i uɣennij d useḥqar-nsen i umeɣnaj.

S. L. : Mamek tettlul ɣar-k txurrist i tira n tqessist?

ɛ. Ḥ.: Mala nexzer ɣar useqsi-inek zeg uɣezdis n twuri-inu i xedmeɣ ujar zi 30 n yisegg^wusa, zemmreɣ ad ak-iniɣ ila ufiɣ gi twuri ya min dayi-ittsekkan ɣar tira. Necc, sɛeddiɣ marra akud-inu di ledcur umi ur gin araq gi tnamurt, s uya tudert n yimezdaɣ-a tettejja-ayi ad dd-adseɣ aṭṭas ɣar min innuffren g umaḍal-a i das-itticcen i tqessisin- inu asafu miz ɣa ttwalant abrid mix ggurent. Ufiɣ ila wenn irezzun x tnuffirin n umaḍal-nneɣ umi neqqar Arif, ixessa-as ad yugur jar tmeddan-ines d tqebbal-ines d ledcur-ines, izurag-ines d yebriden-ines, azil-ines d tmeddit-ines.

Nzemmer ad nemzaray g uxezzer-nneɣ ɣar twennaḍin-a, maca aqa s umzaray-a i zi illa Arif d Arif… Amek llan yisental-nniḍen manis dd-ttagment tqessisin-inu axezzer ɣar temsarin d tɣawsiwin am urdas Arifi d yemɣaren-ines imezrayen, tayemmat, tamurt, Arif… Isental-a marra, netnin d iẓewran miz dd ɣa banent tqessisin timeɣnasin wami dd ɣa teffeɣ tqessist d uɣennij zeg wammasen n tudrin (lemraḥ) ɣar yidukanen n yenmuggaren.

Ula d yenn ila issegguren tiɣawsiwin n temdint, ila tticcen, x uɣennij anegdud i ɣa ikken zi ssinni ɣar uḍeffer n uɣennij n “Ccerq”, ikemmusen n tenɛacin deg wakud mig qqnen tiwwura x kul azlawi ila dd-ijebbden isental n tnekkra d tegrawla x min neẓra d tamara d uẓeyyer x tseqqar-nneɣ tisertanin d tinn tdelsanin d marra tiseqqar n waydud. Maca deg yinezwan-a iccuren s umenɣi ag Lmexzen, ila ur ssinen yina ig issegguren tiɣawsiwin n temdint ila aɣennij s imant-ines itteḥdajja azlawi i ɣa arin iwalen-ines, s yijj unamek-nneɣni: izemmer unaẓur ad iɣennej mliḥ niɣ ad igg llɣa iknan, maca bla taqessist ur izemmer uɣennij deg wakud-nni i usiweḍ n tebrat s txezrat d tamaynut miz ɣa issuref ɣar umures.

S. L. : Azlawi Amaziɣ ttekken xaf-s waṭṭas n yemxumbal ig ittijjan tikli-ines tettbedda, mala nexzer ɣar tekli-inek zi melmi tessentid ar wass-a, ma tzemmred ad aneɣ-tinid min ɛnan yemxumbal imeqqranen i zi tekkid?!

ɛ. Ḥ. : Mala neẓẓeg-dd tawengimt-nneɣ ḥuma ad nqewwer imxumbal i dasen-dd-ittekken deg ubrid i yezlawiyen imaziɣen, aqa awal ur xaf-sen ittenfirir, minzi mala nennum ag yemxumbal-a di tudert-nneɣ tamdant, aqa uɣir ma ad aneɣ-ḍefren ula ɣar tudert-nneɣ taseklant d tenn tasneflalt…, s uya imxumbal zeg uɣezdis-a llan s uɛebbij. Maca ad ssiwleɣ x yemxumbal imeqqranen i zag-i tettred; tamezwarut n yemxumbal-a d amxumbel n udukan, ssawaleɣ da x yenmuggaren n usefru Amaziɣ i war ɣar-neɣ illin, inmuggaren i ɣa iksin amnus i tsekla d usneflul Amaziɣ uka ad asen-dd-swejden i yezlawiyen adukan i ɣa yilin d tamsa tamezgarut mani ɣa sḍuqquẓen tizemmar-nsen, ujar deg wakud-a mig ur nettif ameɣri iqqaren Tamaziɣt.

Dinn ijj umxumbel-nneɣni, netta d amxumbel n ufesser ig issizɣen idammen i umussu n yezlawiyen ɣar-neɣ, aqa ayt bab n tẓaẓragin ttettren tinɛacin d timeqqranin ḥuma ad as-fesren i uzlawi adlis-ines, s uya ig yudrus ufesser n yedlisen g Arif mala nexzer ɣar temnaḍin Timaziɣin-nneɣni. Imxumbal-a (adukan d ufesser) mala ur ttwakksen, aqa ur ittɣimi usefru ula d asneflul. Imxumbal deg yiger-a iriwen aṭṭas, maca ad neqqen tawwurt-a s umxumbel n tɣemsa tanamurt ig issigg^wjen zi taynit-ines asneflul Amaziɣ d usiwel xaf-s s wamek ssawalen x usneflul n Teɛrabt d Tefransist, uka ur zag-s iẓri usneflul Amaziɣ waxxa d ict tesna zi tesniwin n yeɣmisen-ines.

S. L. : Tesbedded-aneɣ aked yemxumbal nettaweḍ ad kid-k nini ila iriwen mala nernu g ununec xaf-sen, maca ijj zeg yemxumbal-a i dd-tessersed netta d amxumbel n tɣemsa i trajim ad teḍfer isuraf-nwem deg yiger d tzemmar i dag-s tetteggem, ma nzemmer ad nessidef kidsen ula d iɣmisen Imaziɣen d yeɣmisen innureẓmen g Arif niɣ yenn innureẓmen i Arif?!

Asiwel x yemxumbal ig ittedder uzlawi Arifi yuwi-aneɣ ad nessiwel x tɣemsa-nneɣ Tarifit! Min tettwalid ad iniɣ?! Amux ssneɣ zi wi ixeddmen iger n tɣemsa g Arif, aqa ineɣmasen ur msebḍin x yezlawiyen g min tteddren! Taɣemsa Tarifit ttwaliɣ-tt ila tettedder ula d nettat imxumbal gi tenɛacin miz ɣa tefser uṭṭunen-ines d uẓeyyer miz ɛeddant, aqa bedden waṭṭas n yeɣmisen, wa awarn i wa, zeggi tuɣa smunan aṭṭas n yimesneflulen (izlawiyen d yimaraten) ya s tira xaf-sen, ya s ufesser-nsen i min ttarin, ya s yemsawalen i kid-sen tteggen, am “Lxuzama” d “Tifraz n Arif” d “Arif Ameɣrabi” d “Tawiza” d “Numidya” d “Aswaṭ Arrif” (Imeslan n Arif) d yenn neɣni.

Xmi nessawal x tɣemsa tanamurt, aqa nessawal x yeɣmisen i dd- itteffɣen kul ass, ttekken-dd zi tmeddan n wammas, niɣ nessawal x tilibizyu, mala nejja araḍyu iqqimen weḥḥd-s g umsawaḍ kid-neɣ, isɛedda tiqessisin-nneɣ, ittemsawal kid-neɣ, ittlaɣa-dd ḥuma ad ixzer mamek nxezzer ɣar yiger-nneɣ d min das-ittxessan ḥuma ad irnu g usurif-ines ar awarn, s tzemmar i tteggen yineɣmasen Irifiyen ig ixedmen iger-a mliḥ ag yezlawiyen Irifiyen.

Maca ur xaf-k snuffureɣ tumert-inu wami dayi ɣa tinid ila aɣmis “lerifain” (Arifi) iban-dd ula d netta ɣar tudert ḥuma ad issers axezzer- ines g yiger n tɣemsa Tamaziɣt g Arif, nessitim-as amures di twuri- ines taɣemsant.

G uneggaru n temrarut-inu x useqsi-inek, uɣir xafi ma ad iniɣ ila: “Iɣmisen n Arif d netnin waha i das-iqqimen i uzlawi ḥuma ad isigi g yiger-a wami ur yufi yenmuggaren mani ɣa isḍuqeẓ tizemmar-ines.. Iɣmisen-a n temnaḍt-nneɣ d netnin waha iḍeffren tikli n uzlawi Arifi, ssawaḍen ineɣmisen-ines i umeɣri iḍeffren ula d netta tikli ya s tɣemsa”.

S. L. : Azlawi ɛabid Ḥammic, cekk d ijj zi wi issersen icemmacen i Tseḍma n Masinisa Tameɣnajt (Masinisa Band), tulim, s tseḍma-ya, deg waṭṭas n yenmuggaren d wussan idelsanen s tcuniyin n uɣennij i teggim… Mux i das-tgid armi tsared gi tmexsa n uɣennij?!

ɛ. Ḥ. : Amux d ak nniɣ g umezgaru n umsawal-a, necc ila ttariɣ ḥuma ad ddukkleɣ ag yexf-inu waha wami ɣa tetleɛ yemma ɣar Uruppa, maca wami ɣa ssentiɣ ttaliɣ ɣar udukan g yenmuggaren idelsanen qqimeɣ ttemsawaḍeɣ ag waṭṭas n yinaẓuren d yezlawiyen mig ɣa yiriw uxezzer ɣar waṭṭas n yegran iqqnen ɣar usefru. Deg yijj n wass irzu xaf-i ijj umeddukel, inna-ayi “ma ad negg ci n tseḍma i uɣennej ḥuma ad zag-s nessiweḍ tabrat-nneɣ?”, aɣennij ameɣnas ila issenta ixessi cwit cwit gi Lḥusima, s uya ur nuki s umsawaḍ i negga ag waṭṭas n yinaẓuren armi nufa Taseḍma Tameɣnajt n Masinisa tbedd x yiḍaren-ines, uka kul ijj iṭṭef gi tseḍma aɣezdis mig ɣa isḍuqqeẓ tizemmar-ines.

Deg umezgaru ila xseɣ ad ṭṭfeɣ, gi tseḍma, tira n tqessisin, maca wami ila nessewjad i tigi n tseḍma d usetti n yiɣennijen i dd ɣa immersen s txezrat d tamaynut ɣar min daneɣ-dd-innḍen n tɣawsiwin, inna-ayi-dd yijj zeg wi kid-neɣ igin taseḍma “maɣar ur tettmernid ula d cekk ɣar uɣennej kid-neɣ di tseḍma?!”, nniɣ waxxa, uka swejdeɣ ixf-inu i umnus-a amaynu.

Ur zemmreɣ ad xaf-k snuffreɣ ila timexsa-inu i uẓawan d uɣennej tedwel zeg wakud-nni tettmerni melmi ma sliɣ i umayni dd-itteffɣen g yiger-a, ujar xmi ttesliɣ i llɣa iknan i tteggen yimeddukal-inu inaẓuren i kul taqessist zi tqessisin-inu.

S. L. : Ameḍfar n yiger anaẓur g Arif, ittwala cekk tweḍḍred g uneggaru ya zeg usayes, ad nini ur teqqimed tettbaned-dd.. Manis dd-tekka uweḍḍar-a? Min ɛnan yimentilen-ines?

ɛ. Ḥ. : Talayt ɣar yenmuggaren zeg waṭṭas n yisegg^wusa sbeddeɣ- tt wami ɣa akiɣ s useḥqar n yimessuguren n yenmuggaren gi Lḥusima i tseḍmiwin timeɣnajin g Arif, s yisemsaren i dd-ttsekkan ɣar umeɣnaj ḥuma ad as ksin tiseqqar zi tesɣart tameẓẓyant i das-tticcen x talayt.

Iger-a anaẓur nudef ɣares ḥuma ad dag-s nini minzi nettaka d minzi ittaka waydud mig ssawaleɣ, maca wami dd-udfen ula d isemsaren ɣar-s, aqa ur iqqim min ɣa igg uterras deg yiger n uɣennej, uka jjiɣ i yexf-inu tira n tqessisin i yimeɣnajen ig itteggen aɣennij ameɣnas.

S. L. : S txezrat d tanaẓurt, mamek ixezzer uzlawi ɛabid ḥammic ɣar uɣennij Amaziɣ g Arif, ma izemmer ad aneɣ-issides ɣar tefraz n uɣennij-a g wakud-a n umerri ɣar ufares d usufeɣ, uka ula d kra n wudmawen issersen isem-nsen g usayes anaẓur, dewlen-dd s yiɣennijen uzɣen niɣ weṭṭan g uɛawed i min gin iɛda, s uya yenn ila dasen-itteslan ufin ila uɣir xaf-sen ad kken ɣar min fessrent tseḍmiwin timaynutin niɣ inaẓuren imaḍlanen?

ɛ. Ḥ. : Mala nessiwel x tseḍmiwin d yinaẓuren ig ijjin isem-nsen idder deg yiger anaẓur Arifi, aqa tawengimt tettraḥ nican ɣar Tidrin, Twattun, Benneɛman, Ileyzam, Isefḍawen, Mimun Lwalid, Itran, Xalid Izri…, d waṭṭas n tseḍmiwin d yinaẓuren. Amux tettraḥ ɣar Rwica xmi nessawal x uɣennij n Waṭlas, niɣ ɣar Tseḍma n Iẓenẓaren xmi nessawal x uɣennij Asusi, niɣ ɣar Idir d Lunis Ayt Mengellat d Lunis Meɛtub xmi nessawal x uɣennij aqbayli, d Tinariwin ɣar Itargiyen… atg.

Ad nedwel ɣar useqsi-inek x wudmawen ig ijjin isem-nsen g usayes anaẓur d tdewla-nsen s yiɣennijen uzɣen, imeɣnaj-a ila udfen ɣar tẓuri ḥuma ad ssiwḍen tamara d umerri i xaf-sen ikkin deg wussan n wazaɣ, aqa awanek wami ila ibelleɛ tasebbalt x tẓuri, ila ci ismeḥ gi tẓuri, ci itelleɛ ɣar berra ḥuma ad irzu x ureqquz n uɣrum, ci ikka ɣar ubniq, maca wami ɣa irẓem uwanek tasebbalt i tẓuri uka issufeɣ-dd tinɛacin s uɛurric i yenmuggaren, aqa aṭṭas n yimeɣnaj ila issurf-iten wakud, uka ur dd dewlen kra n yesmawen amek tuɣa llan, mgal manaya aqa dewlen dd s yiɣennijen uzɣen deg wawal-nsen d llɣa- nsen.

Tinɛacin ttɣimant d ijj umxumbel ig ittijjan azgen n tseḍmiwin ad azzlen ɣar usufeɣ n uɣennij x uɣennij bla ma ad as-wcen i uɣennij min istahell n wakud d twuri ḥuma ad ɣar-s ilint tefraz-ines miz ɣa ittwassen, deg wakud mig nettaf ila azgen neɣni n tseḍmiwin semḥent gi tẓuri wami ur ufint minzi ɣa sigint.

Taẓuri ila ɣar-s addur wami ila ɛad tasebbalt tbelleɛ, ma ruxa wenn ɣa islan i uɣennij snat n twalatin ittegg ula d netta aɣennij-ines, s uya ittɛawaden deg waṭṭas n waṭṭas i min ggin yimeɣnaj n Rray d Ccerq d Uruppa d Umarikan xmi dasen-iqeṭṭa min kid-sen dd uwin ɣar tẓuri…, d manaya iɣa ijjen aɣennij Amaziɣ g Arif weṭṭant-as tefraz i zi ittwassen gi 50 n yisegg^wusa ineggura iɛdan uka ad innurẓem uɣennij x waṭṭas n wanawen ig ittmenɣan jar-asen x man wenn ɣa iqqimen gi tudert. Maca waxxa yiriw uḍeffer i yiɣennijen n berra, aqa ɛad llant n waṭṭas n tseḍmiwin Tirifiyin d waṭṭas n yinaẓuren Irifiyen ig issiriwen di tirart i uɣennij Amaziɣ, uka ssiwḍen-t ɣar waṭṭas n tmura n umaḍal.

S. L. : G uneggaru n umsawal a, min d asen ɣa tinid i wi ittexsen taẓuri Tamaziɣt?

ɛ. Ḥ. : Qbel ma ad iniɣ awal inu i wi ittexsen taẓuri tamaziɣt, xseɣ ad qadiɣ tawmat nneɣ gi “lerifain” x umsawal-a asebḥan, ssitimeɣ-as i uɣmis a amures gi tekli-ines taɣemsant. Qqareɣ i yenn ittexsen taẓuri Tamaziɣt: d kenniw d tasuta ig iferrzen jar tidet d walu, tessilim-aneɣ udem s tcarrifin-nwem d usili-nwem i yiri-nneɣ di marra timeldiwin, fus g ufus ḥuma ad nessedder tussna-nneɣ d tsekla-nneɣ Timaziɣin ig iwtin iẓewran gi tudert-nneɣ. G uneggaru, ijj uqadi d ameqqran i marra wenn d tenn iḍeffren ineɣmisen-nneɣ, d marra wi ismeqqaren gi tzemmar-nneɣ.

Imsawal kid-s: Sifaw Lhanis.