Yura‑t : Anir Maziɣ
Ibawen d yitran
Di Sus, taqbilt n Iḥaḥan tettren zeg iḥenjiren imeẓẓyanen ataf ad ẓarn ma fsusen deg wawal ad inin :
“Yan ibiw s yan itri, sin ibawen s sin itran, kraḍ ibawen s kraḍ itran, … mraw ibawen s mraw itran”
(Ijjen n ubaw s ijjen n itri, tnayen n ibawen s tnayen n itran, tlata n ibawen s tlata n itran,… ɛecra n ibawen s ɛecra n itran)
Tettban-aneɣ tɣuni-ya jar ibawen d itran tus-d ammu waha niɣ ɛlallah, maca mala negga ijjen n lxezrat x ugla adelsan di Tmazɣa nettaf tɣuni-ya jar ibawen d itran wer telli bu di Sus waha, aqqa-tt ula deg iraqqen nneḍni.
Din ict twafit d Taqbaylit teqqar :
“Tekrez tmazirt s ibawen, ur as-zmireɣ, d asawen”
(Tekrez tmurt s ibawen, wer das-zmireɣ, d tsawent)
Tamrarut n twafit-a: d Itran
(am mamek nettwala awal “Ibawen” ittawi-d danita “itran”) .
Deg ict twafit nneḍni x itran, qqaren dag-s : “Zerɛeɣ takemmict n ibawen, tuɣ-d akk Igawawen”
(Ẓẓuɣ takemmict n ibawen, tewwi-d marra Igawawen [niɣ Zwawa : d ijjen umkan yus-d deg ugemmuḍ n Dzayer] )
Di tinfas n Tmazɣa, ict tenfust yidar-itt-id J.Scelles-Millie deg udlis-nnes “Paraboles et contes d’Afrique du Nord” adu azwel “La fève” (abaw) ، tanfust-a tessawal x ijjen uḥudri d ameẓluḍ ittexs icten labas x-as, aḥudri-ya illa ɣer-s ijjen n ubaw iṭṭef-it ixezzer deg ujenna s tmeddit, ittwala itri amezwaru awarn-as banen-d itran nneḍni, iṭṭes uḥudri-ya yurja baw-nni ɣer-s deg ufus immarni idwel d aṭṭas n ibawen am mamek mmarnin itran-nni deg ujenna. manaya yarẓem-as tiwwura n yimal zdat-nnes ijjit yegga agla.
Ibawen d tarwa
Tiɣuni-ya jar ibawen d itran ittwassnen di Tmazɣa, nettaf ddsas-nnes di tamiṭulujit Tamaziɣt taqdimt, iqqar ijjen umyi (Myth) d Aqbayli xef mamek i d-banen itran twalat tamezwarut deg ujenna, aqa ijjen wergaz inḍar ibawen ɣer ujenna dewlen d itran.
Ataf ad nefhem tɣuni-ya ktar, ad nexzar min d-itawi ubaw di tneqqisin d tnumitin n Imaziɣen.
Deg Ayt Yanni di Leqbayel, awarni tameɣra-nnes s simana, traḥ taslit ɣer tala n waman i yellan di ddcar mani tzeddeɣ, tneṭṭar din takemmict n ibawen zdat ma ad zag-s tsu. timuwca-ya n ibawen tettawi-d belli taslit-a tarezzu ad tegg tarwa-nnes (Jean Servier, “Traditions et civilisations berbères” )
Di Leqbayel ɛawed, ttɛawaden x ijjen umrabeḍ qqaren-as Sidi Bucaqur illa yarezzu ad yegg tarwa, uca itter lbaraka zeg umrabeḍ Sidi Mḥend Ubrahim, amrabeḍ-a yewc-as sebɛa (7) n tḥebba n ibawen, deg ubrid tweḍḍar-as ict tḥebbuyt s-uyenni i das-yewca Arebbi setta n tarwa waha walli sebɛa.
Maca mayemmi baw walli ca n yinat nneḍni ?
Abaw xmi i d-teẓẓud di tmurt ituff dag-s itmarni ittaru-d ibawen nneḍni yeqqar qa tafsut tebda. Tuffin-a n ibawen tejja-t ad yili d amatar (symbol) n tarwa, s-uyenni di tmeɣriwin n tkerza d lemlak (remrac) d xmi i d-isɣemmi umeẓẓyan tiɣmest tamezwarut tetten ticarci ittwaggen s ibawen (qqaren-as ufetyin di Leqbayel, unbuten di Ḥaḥa, urkimen di Sus).
Am mamek ibawen dewlen d itran deg ujenna, ddakʷalen d tarwa deg umaḍal anefgan, s-uya nettaf zi leɛwayed n Iqbayliyen tteggen ibawen adu tpayast mixef teṭṭsen mulay d taslit. Ict twafit Taqbaylit ɛawed teqqar ” Sin (2) ibawen ccuren tamurt“, tamrarut n twafit-a d Adam d Ḥawwa.
Deg ijn tḥajit d Tarifit tessawal xef tnayen n temɣarin ɣer-sent ddiset ssekkent argaz-nsent ad dasent-yeẓẓu ibawen، maca netta icci-ten, umi xsent ad ẓarent mani ten-yeẓẓu issmer-asent ɣer ijjen iger n temẓa. Ass umi ruḥent ad kksent ibawen teṭṭefi-tent temẓa tejji-tent al ami urunt, zi ssenni tamɣart tmiɣist tarwer, ten-nneḍni tecc-itt, tnayen-nni isegman qqimen ɣer tamẓa (ismun-itt Renisio di “Ibidem”). Tḥajit-a tɛawaden-tt di marra Tamazɣa, temsebḍa di ca n tmeslayin timeẓẓyanin zeg uraq ɣer wenneḍni (ad tent-tettafem di Contes berbères du Maroc n E.Laoust). Ssanita i d-ikka umedya-nni neqqar x wenni iẓerḍen aṭṭas : “uffen dag-s ibawen”, Argaz da deg umkan ma ad yeẓẓu ibawen di tmurt ad ɣemyen ad yegg agla, igg-iten deg uɛeddis-nnes wer inefɛen i walu uca uffen dag-s isaqar-d iẓerriḍen.
Ibawen di tmurt = tarrawt
Argaz yecca ibawen = Tamẓa tecca tayemmat
Aɣemmuy di tmurt = Aɛeddis n temɣart zegga ɣa taru
Tɣuni-ya jar ibawen d tarwa iyejjin Isusiyen deg wawal-nsen qqaren ca n twalatin “baw” smeɛnan zag-s x lwalda n temɣart.
Itran d tarwa
Mala itran qqnen ɣer ibawen, ibawen qqnen ɣer tarwa, ittawi-d manaya belli ula d itran qqnen ɣer tarwa. D manaya i nettaf di ca n twafitin tiqbayliyin :
– Sin waymaten, yiwen d iɛiqer, wayed d amyarew
(Tnayen n wawmaten, ijjen wer itiru, ijjen ittarru)
Tamrarut n twafit-a : Tfukt d tziri ( Taziri unḍen-as-d itran itwaḥsaben di twafit-a d tarwa-nnes).
– Isli d teslit ur ttmezren, arrac tabaɛn yemma-tsen
(Mulay d teslit wer temẓarrin, tarwa ḍefren yemma-tsen)
Tamrarut : Tfukt, taziri, d itran.
– Aggur yejja-d itri (Ayyur yejja-d itri)
Tamrarut : Tayemmat d tarwa-nnes.
– Aggur izerɛ itran (Ayyur iẓẓu itran)
Tamrarut : Tayemmat ɣer yella aṭṭas n tarwa.
Deg Wargla di Dzayer, tettren ɣer tziri ad dasen-tewc awmaten deg izlan:
A lalla taziri n-na
uc iyi iggen emmwa
ini igget utma
baba yireḍ tazerḍant
amensi n-nna yemmwu
u yeḥrik
[ A lalla taziri nneɣ
uc-ayi ijjen uma
niɣ ict uletma
baba yireḍ aselham
amensi nneɣ yenwa
wer yekrmiḍ]
Tiɣuni-ya n tziri d uyur aked tarwa itejja-neɣ ad nefhem mayemmi i das-qqaren i tamɣart ɣer yella ddiset di Lmerruk wer txezzar ɣer tziri ataf wer tiru akniwen.
Itran – Ibawen – Tarrawt
Zi marra manaya i d-nidar, newweḍ belli di tmiṭulujit Tamaziɣt Itran d amatar n umaḍal n ujenna, ibawen d amatar n umaḍal n tmurt, tarwa d amatar n umaḍal anefgan ittwaḥsaben d areqqas jar ujenna d tmurt.
Timarniwin:
– Twafit tasusit : iger yeẓẓu wer t-ikrez ḥedd, itwamjer s tmeddit iɣemmi-d x uɛecci [tamrarut : ajenna]
– Lehlak-nni i d-ittasen di tiṭṭ neqqar-as di Arif “ritti” (abenqir d acemlal ittban-d di tiṭṭ) , qqaren-as di Lebayel “Itri“, di Sus “itri n tiṭṭ“. teṭṭfen iḥenjiren imeẓẓyanen wer xezzren deg yitri ataf wer ten-ileqqef lehlak-a (di Leqbayel, Sus, Mzab)
– Tamnen aṭṭas di Lmerruk belli anict illan n itran deg ujenna ig yellan n iwdan di tmurt, melmi ma yemmut bnadem ittweṭṭa-d itri-nnes. Akuc igga manaya ataf ad iḥḍa amyas n umeɣrad (Universe balance).
Tala :
كوكرا في الميثولوجيا الأمازيغية – محمد أوسوس : ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-9954-28-015-7