Ittwagg ijjen wemsagar n ufurmasyu i yiselmaden n Tmaziɣt deg wussan n 08, 09 d 10 zi Cutenbir i yeɛdan di tendint n Nnaḍur. Amsagar-a tessugur-it Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui i yellan d taselmadt d tmarezzut di EHESS (tinmel n tɣuriwin i yuɛlan n tussniwin tinamunin) di Paris, mamec i ɣer-s ijjen lkursi ikmel n tesnilest n Tmaziɣt di EHESS, ɛawed, nettat d Tamɣart n trezzut di CNRS (ammas anamur n trezzut tamassant).
Amsagar-a ḥeḍren day-s iselmaden i yessɣaran iles n Tmaziɣt di Ddriwec, Nnaḍur d Berkan, mani ttuɣa din ijjen ufurmasyu i yekkin tlata n wussan, tbedd day-s tselmadt Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui ɣer waṭṭas n wudmawen n tɣuriwin n tmaziɣt (amazighologie).
Ass amezwaru d asijji x lḥal n Tmaziɣt di Tmazɣa
Ass amezwaru ila yella s tutlayt Tafransist d Tmaziɣt mani tessreɣ tifawin x waṭṭas n yiseqsiten i yeqqnen ɣer Tmaziɣt, zzay-sen aseqsi n usekkil d wudmawen n Tfinaɣ i ttuɣa yellan di Tmazɣa d leɛwayed n tira ɣer wagdud Atwargi.
Bla ma ad tetteu ad tessken ɣer wemxumbel n usemsasa (aménagement) n yilsawen min ɣa-yella leɛwayed n tmiwant (oralité), mamec tenna deg wawal-nnes ila umi timura n Tmazɣa ixḍarent ad tili taɛrabt weḥḥed-s d iles n tmersal, manaya yessizel zeg usɛarreb anesmersel (l’arabisation institutionnelle), min yejjin Tmaziɣt tebda teddekkʷal ɣer deffer, d aya i dd-ittbanen di nnumru n yewdan i zzag-s issawalen ig ittraḥen ittekmummuc. Maca, maḥend ad bedden yewdan zzat i manaya, twekked ila ixess Imaziɣen ad ssmeɣren zi tnettit-nnsen d min ɣer-s iqqnen d tussna d leɛwayed, ad ssemɣaren ula zeg yiles-nnsen.
Terni tessiwel deg wawal-nnes xef ugetiles (mutlilinguisme) di Tmazɣa taqdimt d tɣuni ismunen Tmaziɣt aked waṭṭas n yelsawen i yellan munen di twacunt-nnes ula kṭer deg uɣezdis afrikan am Hawsa, Tatcadit, Tamsirit taqdimt… Tenna ila am ddegg-a n yelsawen qqnen bezzaf ɣer Tmaziɣt, mamec tessken ila zzag-sen nzemmer a nessen xirebbi n tmeslayin x yiles-nneɣ.
Taɣimit tis snat zeg wemsagar n wass amezwaru isiɣa xef tmeslayin i yeqqnen ɣer usettef n wanawen n Tmaziɣt, d wemxumbel i di weṭṭan imerzzuten maḥend ad ssnen mliḥ mecḥal min xef tettemsebḍa Tmaziɣt, mamec tessreɣ tifawin ɣer min iqqnen ɣer tjyusnilest d wemsawaḍ n tmaziɣt aked yelsawen-nneḍni.
Aked manaya, tbedd ɣer ca n tmeslayin i zi tettwassen Tmaziɣt am waddad amaruz (état d’annexion) i yellan d ijjen ḥajet nesferraz zzag-s iles-nneɣ.
Taɣimit tis snat d asefsi i wudmawen n tjerrumt n Tmaziɣt
Ass wis tnayen ila yella d asiɣi x min ittwaggen deg wass amezwaru mani tessiwel dag-s massa Mena B. Lafkioui x ca n tneqqiḍin min ɣa-yella ijjen lhimmet d tameqqrant, ad zzag-sent neydar tanmegla i yellan jar tutlayt d tentala, mamec tessiwel x wemxumbel n wexḍar n usekkil d man-tt nnfeɛ d inabawen n kul marka n usekkil zi tlata n isekkilen i zi ttuɣa ttarin Tmaziɣt, amux tbedd ɣer kul ijjen zzag-sen d isebdaden-nnes, maḥend ad tesseplika mayemmi ittwaxḍar usekkil-a niɣ wenniḍen.
Ɛawed, tegga tizemmar ḥuma ad tessiwel x wawalen imaynuten i dd-ttsaqaren di Tmaziɣt d yemxumbal i ɣer-sen iqqnen aked ijjen tmesalyt-nniḍen illa imerzzuten ɛad wer das-rrin bu taynit s waṭṭas nettat d tɣawsa n usenmarra (orthographe) di Tmaziɣt.
Zeg ijjen uɣezdis-nniḍen, teṭṭef awal s waṭṭas n usefsay x tmeslayin i yeqqnen ɣer tjerrumt n Tmaziɣt, ameknaw aseqsi n warusmid di Tmaziɣt d markat n twafuɣt (dérivation) di Tmaziɣt, d ca n tmeslayin-nneḍni i yeqqnen ɣer usantakes d yimxumbal n usmsasa n usistim n yimeqqimen di Tmaziɣt.
Amherwaḍ x tɣuri n yeḍrisen s Tmaziɣt deg wass ameggaru
Ass wis tlata ila yella d akemmel x ddegg-a n yemxumbal d tmukrisin n tjerrumt, d mamec nzemmer a nessxdem amsebḍi n wawal deg uselmed n Tmaziɣt, maḥend imeḥḍaren ad ɣer-sen tili ijjen tussna tulleɣ x wawal issnen zi tyemmatin-nnsen, s uyenni ittwagg ijjen unhezzi yeqqen ɣer wermas d wefham n ijjen weḍris (texte) n uselmed jar iselmaden d tselmadin ittwari s tnayen n isekkilen, tifinaɣ d ulatin, x-as i yuqeɛ usefsi zi teɣmart n uzemmem-nnes (notation) mani massa Mena B. Lafkioui tessreɣ aṭṭas n tfawin x lhimmet i tkessi tmiwant (oralité) di mayen yellan d adidaktiki, maḥend ad x-as bedden iselmaden n tmaziɣt i ɣa-isslemden iles-a i imeḥḍaren d tmeḥḍarin, bla ma ad tettu amherwaḍ x tebridin n usselmed d tɣuri d iseqsiten n tjerrumt.
Tlata-nni n wussan i tegga massa Mena, ttuɣa-ten ccuren s tussna, tessers-dd dag-sen aṭṭas n iseqsiten d imukrisen i yeqqnen ɣer Tmaziɣt, tira-nnes d umezruy-nnes.
Tmaziɣt di temzyida n tɣuri tameɣrabit: Ar mani?
Teffeɣ massa Mena B. Lafkioui s waṭṭas n ixarrisen x uswir n uselmed di tmurt, mani tenna deg ijjen wawal-nnes x facebook (xzer s nnej) “d ijjen ttaḥeddi d ameqqran (zeɛma amelqi-nni), minzi timessdwal n yiselmaden wer munent, ttejriba-ya temmal belli asistim n uselmed di Lmuɣrib yefcel, ula kṭer di min t-iqqnen aked Tmaziɣt, manaya wer dd-ittbin ca di tzemmar n yiselmaden waha, maca ijjen wezgen d ameqqran zzag-sen wer ten-tecqi tamaziɣt.”
Awal i tenna massa Mena B. Lafkioui yessaru-dd xirebbi n wawal jar ikadimiyen d yenni itterran taynit i uselmed n Tmaziɣt, mani tsuna anina n lxaṭar x wemkan i ɣer-s ɣer Tmaziɣt deg uselmed. Min ittejjan lḥal-nnes ittraḥ itteqsiḥ kṭer ukṭer, mani isuyam-nnes n yewdan wer ɣer-sen bu ca n ufurmasyu i yellan mseqqem, d aya i ɣa-yejjen amnus ad yili ɣer yewdan ittnhezzan, ad lhan kṭer ukṭer aked ddusi-ya yemxumblen, minzi nessen anict aselmed ittirar ijjen ddawer d ameqqran di tnukkra n yelsawen.
Ixarriqen d userwet berra i wannar
Deg wass n 25 n Cutenbir, ifser-dd asit n ariffino.net ijjen uneqqis x wussan-nni ikadimiyen i di tewca Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui awal-nnes x Tmaziɣt i yiselmaden, aneqqis-a ixes ad isselseq ca n tmeslayin ɣer tselmadt Mena i wer illin bu d tidett, mani i dd-iydar ila ttuɣa dinni ijjen nnekwet n Lmuɣrib tqess zzag-s sseḥra. Lerifain ila yeḥḍer ula d netta deg ufurmasyu-ya akadimi mani yeẓra ila nnkawi i ttuɣa tegga tselmadt Mena wer llint mɣar n mani llan Imaziɣen di Tmazɣa ɛad qqimen ssawalen day-s Tmaziɣt. Ittsemma s ijjen wawal-nniḍen; d nnkawi n yiles, wer qqinen qqaε ɣer mayen yellan d aseyasi.
Kṭer zi manaya, di beddu n wawal-nnes deg ufurmasyu, tenna massa Mena B. Lafkioui illa nettat ad tessiwel zeg ijjen uɣezdis d akadimi waha, di laggʷaj x min illan d aseyyasi, mamec i tekritika s yixef-nnes nnkawi-nni i dd-teydar, tenna-dd ila nnkawi wer mmilent ca tidett minzi dag-sent aṭṭas n ifayuten, aked manaya. S uya i dd-twekked ila nnkawi-nni maci d nettat i tent-iggin s ufus-nnes maca ixess ad ttwaggent nnkawi i dd-ɣa-yemmlen tidett n Imaziɣen x Tmazɣa mamec tella nican.
Aneqqis n usit n ariffino, irni deg usefreɣ n wawal, manaya yettban-dd umi dd-ggin ila nettat d “Tafransist”, axmi ttexsen a x-as kksen ila nettat d yelli-s n tmurt, tecrec deg waṭṭas n imelqiten di xirebbi n tesdawiyin d temzyidawin d wammasen n trezzut ɣer daxel i tmurt-nneɣ. Mamec i tegga lxedmet-nnes x yelsawen i yellan di Arrif d jjwayeh-nniḍen n Tmazɣa amen tekmel. Aked manaya, tessreɣ tifawin x waṭṭas n ifinuminen infeεen s waṭṭas imerzzuten di tesdawit Tameɣrabit, s uyenni i ttuɣa i tt-id-ɛerrḍen kul twalat maḥend ad tewwec awal-nnes x yemxumbal i yeqqnen ɣer Tmaziɣt ɣer daxel i tmurt-nneɣ.
Umi asit-a ibelleɛ tiṭṭawin x manaya, danita i dd-itteḍhar ila neyyet-nnes d taɛeffant, ggin-tt d lqenḍert maḥend ad zzay-s seffan leḥsabat, d ayenni i twekked ula d tmesmunt n iselmaden n Tmaziɣt deg ijjen usiweḍ-nnes min xef ɣa-nessiwel s wadday.
Neyyet taɛeffant, teḍhar-dd tanya umi i dd-nnan ila “teṭṭef ttmenyat x lxedmet-nnes”. Ddegg-a n tmeslayin uridd d tidett. Deg wemsawaḍ-nnes aked usit n lerifain, tenna tselmadt Prof. Dr. Mena B. Lafkioui “ila wer teṭṭif bu ca n ttmenyat x ufurmasyu i tegga i yiselmaden, mamec twekked ila waxxa d tiwriqin n ṭṭiyara i zi dd-tusa ɣer Lmuɣrib, txelles-itent zi jjib-nnes”. Twekked ɛawed ila “d timexsa-nnes i tmurt-nnes d tmaziɣt i tt-yejjin maḥend ad taweḍ ad tegg merra manaya x lḥurnet n Tmaziɣt, waxxa nettat ila tzemmer ad tewwec awal-nnes x tesnilest deg umaḍal s tfadiwin i txes nettat”.
Mala nekker a nebna min xef d-nura s nnej, da ittban-dd mliḥ ila (t)inni i yuran artikel-nni i wer yeḍbiɛen di ariffino.net wer ssinen ca amkan ameqqran n massa Mena B. Lafkioui di tussna n yiles deg umaḍal, Kṭer zi manaya, rennin-dd ixarriqen εad maḥend ad ceyynen afuṭu n ijjen temɣart d yelli-s n tmurt tewca aṭṭas i tussna n yiles, mamec tessemɣer zi tmurt-nnes deg yemsagaren d imaḍlanen, mani neccin ixess-aneɣ a nesgeɛɛed yiri-nneɣ minzi ɣer-neɣ ijjen temɣart ameknaw massa Mena B. Lafkioui.
Tamesmunt n yiselmaden: d aseffi n leḥsab x weεrur n massa Mena.
Deg usiweḍ-nnes n tidett i tegga tmesmunt n yiselmaden n tmaziɣt di temnaḍt n ugemmuḍ, sserɣen tifawin x ixarriqen i dd-yefsar asit n ariffino, mani twekked tmesmunt ila artikel-nni i dd-ggin deg usit-nni xsen ad zzay-s “ɣeḍlen zeg yewdan icercen deg ufarmasyu-ya akadimi, i ttuɣa yeggʷjen x merra min ttuɣa yellan d asertan” d aya i yenna usiweḍ n tmesmunt i yellan jar ifassen n lerifain.
Tamesmunt temmel-dd belli taselmadt teqqim deg ijjen uṭil deg wussan n ufarmasyu-nnes, rebɛa n wussan x yiri n tkadimit, mani txelles asafer-nnes ɣer tmurt-nnes zi jjib-nnes. Lebda deg wemsawaḍ-nneɣ aked massa Mena B. Lafkioui twekked-aneɣ ila nettat ttuɣa txes ad txelles nnit kulci zi jjib-nnes (nutil, tiwriqin n usafer…), minzi ttuɣa yettɣil-as ila tamesmunt n iselmaden n Tmaziɣt i ɣa-yeggen amelqi-ya n tussna.
Mamec wekkden ila nettat tus-dd maḥend ad tessenfeɛ s tussna-nnes d ttejriba-nnes tameqqrant deg yiger n Tmaziɣt iselmaden i yeḥwajen s waṭṭas imelqiten am yina mani zemmren ad ssillɣen zi tussna-nnsen x Tmaziɣt. S uyenni i dd-temsawaḍ aked tmesmunt aseggʷas n 2018, mani tegga ijjen umelqi d ameqqran di tendint n Nnaḍur i zi stafden xirebbi n yewdan. D asiɣi x umelqi-nni isebḥen ila tegga tmesmunt n iselmaden di jjihet n ccerq s uswizi aked massa Mena B. Lafkioui ad ggen ijjen umelqi-nniḍen d ameqqran deg Wujda i zi ɣa-testafed ijjen tseḍma d tameqqrant n yiselmaden deg wabril n 2020, maca aya imsaḍaf-dd aked kuruna virus isɛeḍlen amelqi-nni ar aseggʷas-a (2022), mani yettwaḥsab amelqi-ya i yeɛdan di char-a axmi d asikel i wemleqi n 2020.
Deg umeqqaru qqaɛ, iqqim ad nessken ila tamesmunt deg usiweḍ-nnes, tessiwel-dd x ixarriqen d uceyyen i das-ggin s neɛmada i massa Mena B. Lafkioui, mamec ttren ad innurẓem ijjen lankiṭ x ddegg-a n uceyyen i zi dd-hwan x massa Mena d iselmaden i yestafden zeg ufurmasyu-ya wa.