Min ɣa ijjen ca n icten d lmuḥsna, wer tettili d tazlawit d tameqqrant? Manaya izemmer ad yili aked icten qqaren-as “Mrirda n Ayt Ɛtiq”. Mririda, itri-nnes yerɣa deg iseggusa n rebɛin zi lqern i yeɛdun, jar idurar n Waṭlas i yuɛlan i teẓra tfawt n tudert. Tɣennej s ijjen yiles d ilelli, yecna. Tessiwel x leḥriq n tmexsa, wer das-iɛjib lḥal x lḥal i di ttuɣa tettɛic temɣart, tuɛeffna i ttuɣa tteggen irgazen ibedden x uḥewwes Afransis.
Maca, bla René Euloge, ili izlan-nnes weḍḍren wer x-asen nessin walu, minzi d netta i ttuɣa tt-ittexsen, ireḥḥeb zzag-s, issuɣel-as ɣer Tefransist, yefser yizlan-nnes deg udlis n “Iɣennijen n Tassawt” (Les Chants de la Tassaout).
Tlul di ddcar n Megdaz deg waṭlas i yuɛlan, jjihet n Uzilal, mani i d-ittekk yeɣzer n Tassawt. Nessawal da x ijjen tmeṭṭut wer nessin la isem-nnes la d melmi i tlul nican, nessen ila ttlaɣan-as “Mririda” waha. “Mririda” di Tmaziɣt n jjwayeh n Demnat, ixes ad yini “Tqaqriwt”.
X yisem-a, tessawal x-as s uɛeffar deg ijjen yizli zeg izlan-nnes:
“Semman-ayi Mririda, Mririda
Am tqaqriwet i yefsusen n welma
Isem-a aqqa-t ɣer-i amecnaw tilewliwin
Min xef ttɛecciqen irgazen, ttasment temɣarin.”
Tesseɛda ijjen tudert teqqseḥ, tesla izlan-nnes imezwura deg Uḥwac. Amedyaz ameqqran umi ttuɣa tettic aweqqar netta d arrayes Ssi Ɛli n Ibaɛqliwen.
Temlec d nettat ɛad d tameẓẓyant, maca deɣya tellef wami ttuɣa tettraja lɛayel-nnes ad d-ilul, ɣer umeggaru teɣḍel-d aɛeddis-nnes. Aya yejja tiggaz di buḥbel-nnes, tettfekker-d tiqqest-nni deg yizlan-nnes:
“Miyya n tiyyta cerrgent aɛeddis-inu, celxent wul-inu
Tiɣmas-inu ceddent, zeɛfeɣ deg wancucen-inu
Beddeɣ deg wudem n tiqqest-inu
Tiqesst n arrimet d tenni n wul-inu”.
Tɛic di ẓẓelḍ, wer tufi mamec ɣa tegg ad tɛic s tinzart-nnes, zi senni tehwa-d zi ddcar-nnes ɣer Tassawt mani ttuɣa din ijjen lqecla n Ifransisen. Di ssuq n Uzilal, tedwel d ijjen “lmuḥesna”, merra ḍemmɛen dag-s, maca, d nettat ig ixeṭṭaren inni min ked ɣa teṭṭes, aya ttuɣa qaɛ wer kid-s nnumen midden n wakud-nni.
D ijjen temɣart d tilellit, tettɣennej x twacitin-nnes, lefreḥ d leqreḥ-nnes, iwezwizen-nnes d tmuɣliwin-nnes ibbercnen di ca n yizlan wer rwisen deg yenniḍen, bbeɣbɣen s tcuni d umiṭafur.
“Aẓru, a mami-inu
Mala tiṭṭawin-inu ggin am weẓru ittebsissiqen
Ma wer kid-i tettwilid taneɣda iggur a treɣ
Uca ad ad fesyeɣ ijeṭṭuyen-inu iberkanen izegraren?”
Tiṭṭawin iɣekkwant irgazen
Mririda, mucewwaf aberkan, i yeggin am leḥrir, tiṭṭawin-nnes ittreqriqent, d uzmummuy-nnes ireqqen, teɛlem ijjen ukarizma, ijjen jjehd deg wudem-nnes, mamec mma yegga ca n ijjen zzat-s, tzemmer a t-id-teɣḍel:
“Wah, nec cniɣ, ɣeṭṭleɣ-ten-d mamec ggin!
Am tnewwacin n tefsut i d-ijebbden tizizwa”
S waẓẓli-nnes, d mamec tzemmer a tedder zzat i yirgazen, i zi teẓra ddenf di temẓi-nnes, s wawalen i tettmud di tqessisin-nnes, s uyenni nettat d “Taneḍḍamt” niɣ d “Tamedyazt” i yeqqaren “amareg”, amareg-a i yettmuttuyen zi tasalt ɣer tenniḍen, yezdeɣ di twengimt.
D nettat tiggʷej x tarwa n ddcar-nnes, tettɣennej s uḥuyyez:
“Xmi ttyuriɣ weḥḥed-i, deg useɣdi d lehna
Ttxemmameɣ di ddcar mani luleɣ
Min tili tteggen inni i jjiɣ dinni di tseɛɛet-a?
S bla lxaṭer-inu, ttmenḍareɣ x webrid n tudert
Maca wul-inu iqqim yeqqen ɣer tsuḍar n yeɣzar-nneɣ”
Mririda, wer tessin la a tɣer la a tari maca tessen a tmud awalen deg ijjen yiles ittban yehwen i wuḍuf, maca iɛemmer s twacitin, iɛetteq, imud ijjen wesɣun d apagan aked ugaman d min dag-s illan, am di teslit n wenẓar:
“a tala n tzemmar d tedwas
A taslit n wenẓar, a taḥzzamt n tcuni n tmurt
Ajenna-yin yiriw, maca qaɛ wer dag-s ttwiliɣ
timewwa n tẓarbiyt n ayt bab n idurar d waman”
tizzar i lweqt-nnes
Izlan-nnes, tura-ten x tseynut. Tettegg tamawayt s yizlan-nnes i tettmud x tḥuja n ledcur, imseksiten n imezdaɣ bac ad qqimen ddren, lḥal aɛeffan n temɣarin i yeslilan taḍuft x yeslan:
“Malla iḍuḍan-nneɣ ttɛeddamen-dd
Seqsa x isennanen-nni min xef nɛejjen
Mala ifassen-nneɣ zewɣen s tessmeḍ
Seqsa aman ijerrsen ikemmḍen ilem-nneɣ
D wa d lmektab-nneɣ, neccin timcumin i yeslilan taḍuft
Mani tella tamcumt-a izemmren a teccetka?”
Tizwar i lweqt-nnes, ttuɣa-tt kunṭra i lemlac, tus-d kunṭra i ddenf n yergazen, d mamec immutti jjehd ɣer uḥewwas Afransis iḥeggren midden, d war amquddi i yellan jer n midden, x manaya tenna:
“Ammu ittuqiɛ lebda di dduniyt-a n wadday,
Ar inni n ujenna, igelwan d jjehd
Inni n wadday, ccin ixef-nnsen wer ɣer-sen walu
Ma tamɣart wer tufi wi x-as iwwten acbar?”
X wergaz-nnes i ttuɣa i tt-iwwin qbel, tmud ijjen yezli i zi tettekkes iseɣwan x ifassen-nnes i das-ittwaggen:
“Hi xenni min dayi-tewcid ar mani day-i tcerfed?
Ussan ɛeddan bla aysum, bla sekkʷar bla izlan
Tidi d yenjan d tamara i x-ak ccateɣ
Leɣbar n ufitar d warssuḍ n tenwalt iɛuffnen?
Hi nec? Nec d tanewwact tufuḥ
Trezzu nnit x nnda ireḍben d aslufi n tfukt”
Nettat i ttuɣa ittɣennjen x tmexsa, x tfeqqaɛ-nnes, tarẓugi-nnes, d ddenf-nnes, trezzu x tudert i yifen, i yiẓiḍen, x manaya, ila temmexs merra irgazen i teẓra:
“Kerheɣ merra ihebbujen-a, kerheɣ-ten
Mli ufiɣ ca n ijjen, ijjen waha ad ayi-ixes, ad ayi-iweqqer
Ittcemman mliḥ ssabun d uzemmaraz
Argaz-nni i day-i ɣa sɛicen, ad ayi-issireḍ
Axxam yeḥman s tmexsa d tḍeḥḥakt d iḥenjiren…”
Argaz-a ad yadef tudert n Mririda ijjen wass n 1927. René Euloge, i ttuɣa yellan d aselmad di Demnat; ila ssekken-t ɣer iɣzer n Tassawt, maḥend ad igg ca n tɣuriwin d tiṭnugrafiyin, ttuɣa izemmer ad issiwel s Tmaziɣt, mani yufa di ssuq n Uzilal ijjen ugumi min ked igga ijjen umelqi iqqim-as di twengimt, iwwi-it ad iẓer Mririda.
René Euloge isdewwex-it waẓẓli n Mririda, yedwel d aneḥbus n ukarizma i ɣer-s ɣer tḥudriyt-a. Uca tebda jar-asen ijjen tḥajit n tmexsa. Iggur Euloge ad issenjem Mririda zeg ukerfes i di tt-ttuɣa. A tt-issezdeɣ akid-s, a tt-yeḥḍa zi merra ttaɛeddu i x-as ttuɣa tteggen di berra.
Min ttuɣa ixessen i Mririda mɣar tira i yizlan-nnes. Yus-d René ad iɛemmer lxawi-ya, ad yekkes Mririda zi tattut. Icca lemsames x waẓẓli-nnes d tcuni n yizlan n Mririda ura kṭer s tmuɣli-nnes taɣewwaɣt, ittekksen tduli x lḥal iɛuffnen, ismun-d René izlan-nnes, izemmem-iten. Mamec i das-igga ca n ifuṭuten i zi tt-nessen lux.
Manis tekka Mririda?
Wer iqqim iẓra René tazlawit i ca n iseggusa, umi i das-d-laɣan netta bac ad icrek deg umenɣi amaḍlan wis tnayen. Dinni i ɣa issuɣel 120 n yizlan-nnes, a ten-ifser deg udlis umi isemma “Les Chants de la Tassaout”.
Wami isala umseksi, idwel-d René Euloge ɣer Lmuɣrib bac ad yaf Mririda, ad as-immel adlis i x-as ifser, maca wer das-yufi qaɛ later-nnes.
Irɛeb, yuyes, yeqqim ittbeqqec deg idurar d iɣezran n waṭlas i yuɛɛlan, waxxa amenni walu. Taḥudriyt wer issin ḥedd mani tella, d twacunt-nnes tesqar x-as.
René Euloge ikka Lmuɣrib d netta irezzu x-as di baryut mani ttuɣa ttilint lmuḥsnat, ula kṭer wenni ttuɣa yettwassnen n Ddarlbiḍa, maca wer iwwiḍ ɣer walu. Ma izemmer ad yili nɣin-tt zegga i yugur netta? Ma tzemmer twacunt-nnes ila tenɣ-itt? Wi tt-yenɣin? Mani yella wemḍel-nnes mala amenni?
Ina d iseqsan wer dasen-yufi la René la ḥedd nniḍen ca n twarrit.
Maca Leḥsen Zinun, iggur a x-as igg ijjen ufilem qqaren-as “femme écrite” deg useggas n 2012, mani i yetteks cwayt n tduli x tudert-nnes.
D neccin deg yeɣzer n Tassawt, nettesla ɛad i wawalen i zi ttuɣa tettmud Mririda yezlan-nnes i yeqqimen ɣzin di twengimt?
Maci mli timɣarin-nneɣ ggint am Mririda, zemmemnt min mudent d izlan, ili d aɣebbi.
Nb: izlan-a nessuɣel-iten-d zi tefransist, wer ten-nufi s Tmaziɣt nican.