Igzistunsyalizem (niɣ s usmezzeɣ-nnes “iẓriliyan”) d ijjen tebridt n uxarres i yessawalen x tudert d min nettixḍar neccin i yexf-nneɣ.
Min ixes ad yini igzistunsyalizem?
Ixḍar abrid-nnec :
Yeqqar igzistunsyalizem belli tudert-nneɣ nettat : “d min nixḍar i neccin“. Ameknaw n manaya, mala ttuɣa tixḍared ad tirared tcamma niɣ ad teɣred ca n udlis, min tixḍared amenni d manayenni i cek-yeggin ad tilid min xef tellid luxa.
Tilelli d udenni:
Teqqar-aneɣ tafilusuft-a ila neccin d ilelliyen a negg min nxes, maca aya ixes ad yini ɛawed ila neccin d imasayen x mani zzag-neɣ ittyura lḥal. Mala texsed wer tessujided ca mliḥ i yirim, egg min texsed, maca manayenni ad ittwadenna x yiri-nnec, itsemma ixess ad tqebled ila ad tawyed ijjen tneqqiḍt tehwa.
a naf lmeɛna i tudert-nneɣ:
Yeqqar ugzistunsiyalizem ila tudert wer ɣer-s bu ca n lmeɛna yewjed. Manaya ixes ad yini belli walli tudert-nneɣ tura x-aneɣ mani ca ila d manayenni i ɣa negg. Deg wemkan n manaya, ixess mkul bnadem ad yaf lmeɛna i tudert-nnes. Ameknaw n manaya, ca zzag-sen, ttafen lmeɛna n tudert-nnsen deg uɛawen n yenniḍen, niɣ n inni iḍeffren imezran-nnsen.
Manis d-kkin iẓuran n tfilusuft-a?
Søren Kierkegaard :
- Yettwaḥsab Kierkegaard d igzistunsyalist amezwaru. Ittwala belli kul bnadem ilaqq zzag-s ad yaf abrid i yexf-nnes di tudert-a, waxxa manaya ca n twalatin yessaggʷad niɣ yeqqseḥ s waṭṭas.
Jean-Paul Sartre :
- Sartre d afilusuf afransis i yuran s waṭṭas x igzistunsylizem. Yenna “ili yezwar i tumast“, manaya ixes ad yini ila neccin nettizwar-d beɛda, senni, d neccin ig ittixḍaren man abrid i ɣa nemneɛ di tudert d min rezzu a nili manaya s min nettixḍar d min nxes.
Simone de Beauvoir :
- Ijjen tfilusuft d tafransist, tura x mamec nzemmer neccin a negg tudert-nneɣ i yixef-nneɣ, maci a neḍfer min daneɣ-yeqqar wamun a t-negg neccin.
Mamec i ɣa nefhem igzistunsyalizem?
Ameknaw xmi nettirar n ubidyu: Xayel belli tettirared games n ubidyu, cek tzemmred ad tegged argaz-nnec i zi ɣa tirared, ad as-tegged min ɣa yirar. Cek d ilelli ad as-tegged min texsed di liraret-nni, maca mkul taɣtast i tkessid ittbeddal di min d-ittasen. Igzistunsyalizem tegga ameknaw manaya: Cek d amirar, cek d min tixḍared di tudert-nnec.
Ili d ixef-nnec: Yettɛawan igzistunsyalizem maḥend iwdan ad ilin d ixef-nnsen, maci ad tegged min tteggen merra yewdan, niɣ ad tegged min zzag-k ttrajan iwdan. D llemliḥ ad tessned min cek-itterran tferḥed, d min ac-icqan i cek.
Min yeɛna ikritiken i das-wcin i igzistunsyalizem?
Aṭṭas n ifilusufen d imxarrsen wcin aberru n ikritiken n igzitunsyalizem, d ina ca zzag-sen:
Aṭṭas n udenni:
Ca n yewdan ttwalan belli igzistunsyalizem yesrusa aṭṭas n ddqel x yewdan, axmi ittwadenna x yiri-nnsen merra min dasen-yemsaren di tudert-nnsen.
Ca n twalatin, ttuqiɛent-aneɣ ca n leḥwayej bla ma ad dag-sent ili ufus-nneɣ, ameknaw mala bnadem yewḍa-d yehlek, niɣ temsar-as ca n lakksida. Ikritiken qqaren belli maci merra timeslayin ttwadennant x yiri-nneɣ, itsemma walli d fayyu-nneɣ.
Wer din bu ilugnen
Ikritiken i yetticen qqaren belli igzistunsyalizem izemmer ad yili x-as aṭṭas n tayyut, minzi bnadem wer ittessen min ɣa yegg, wer ittic bu ilugnen banen x min ixess ad ittwaggen. Ca n yewdan, ttwalan ḥsen mala ɣer-sen “lgid” ameknaw leɛwayed d izerfan, maḥend ad ssnen mamec ɣa ggen ad msurrufen. Axarres-nni iqqaren belli ixess bnadem ad yexḍar kulci i yexf-nnes, issaggʷad-iten aṭṭas.
Tibawt n tmesɣurt
Aṭṭas n ikritiken ɛawed ttasen-d zeg inni i tettamnen di tidettin niɣ ca n izalen d imesɣuren. Ttɣilen belli ca n tmeslayin nitenti d tidett, sebḥent i yewdan merra, xelli kul ijjen d tambirt n uxarres-nnes. Maca, igzistunsyalizem iqqar illa kul ijjen ixess ad yegg lmeɛna i yexf-nnes, manaya, amek qqaren nitni, izemmer ad yenker tidettin-a niɣ izalen-a.
Aṭṭas n wemnus d lhemm d tweḥdanit
Ɛawed, din wi iqqaren aqqa aṭṭas n uxemmem di lmeɛna n tudert d min ixess bnadem ad yegg i yexf-nnes, niɣ am netta irezzu x ca n lmeɛna i tudert-nnes, merra manaya izemmer ad yejj yewdan lebda kessin s wemnus, ittegg aṭṭas n udenni x yiri n yewdan, issaḥal-iten.
Din ɛawed wi yettwalan ila igiztunsyalizem ittawi ɣer tweḥdanit n bnadem, minzi tabridt-a tafilusuft tesruɣa tfawt ɣir min irezzu bnadem ad yexḍar i yexf-nnes, axmi bnadem ad immers zzat i yemxubal n tudert weḥḥed-s bla ma ad iraja tawiza n ḥedd nniḍen.
Mamec d-itterra igzistunsyalizem x ikritiken-a?
Neɛɛmen igzitunsyaliyen ila neccin wer nzemmer a newwet leḥsab i kulci min daneɣ ɣa yemsaren di tudert, maca nitni qqaren, ila min daneɣ-icqan aṭṭas d mamec nettemsurruf aked min daneɣ ittemsaren amenni.
Ɛawed; ttwalan ila izemmer bnadem ad yili d agzistunsyal, maca di twalat d icten d netta ittegg leɛwayed i yellan deg wamun-nnes niɣ ittamen deg ixarrisen i t-ittɛawanen ad yiɛic mliḥ.
Aked uyenni, ttwalan belli zemmren ad qqnen igzistunsyalizem aked ixarrisen-nniḍen i yettunuḍen maḥend ad afen tabridt n tudert i dasen-ilaqen.