Aḍris n: Beverley D’Silva, Tala: BBC, Asuɣel: Andic.
Aṭṭas n imariten d inaẓuren ttuɣa tetteɛjib-asen taweḥdanit, mamec i dasen-itteɛjib i yina ad ḥerzen ixef-nnsen x midden. Maca min zzag-sen ɣa nelmed ? Beverley D’Silva tessawal ɣer Tracey Emin d yenniḍen i daneɣ ɣa iɛawden x manaya.
Aṭṭas n idelsawen ɣer-sen iwalen qqnen ɣer tweḥdanit, a nebda zeg usari n wezlawi Wordsworth i yennan x yixef-nnes ila igga am ij n usegnu weḥḥd-s deg ujenna amiriw. Ad naweḍ ɣer waṭṭas n iɣennijen i yessawalen x beṭṭu d tweḥdanit d tmexsa i wer yellin. Ca n imariten uran qqaɛ x lfaydet n tweḥdanit. Virginia Woolf teydar-d ila taweḥdanit tejj-itt ad taf iku n « uɣennij n umaḍal n tidet ». Ungal n « Tiɛurar n Wuthering » i tura Emily Brontë istextux s tweḥdanit d tfeqqaɛ-nnes.
Ila qqaren midden belli tamarit-a ttuɣa itteɛjib-as ad teḥrez ixef-nnes zeg wagdud. Drus xminni tetteffeɣ zeg ubilaj mani tlul di Haworth. Maca, zeg ijen uɣezdis-nniḍen, takumidit umi qqaren Lily Tomlin, tenna « neccin merra netteffekker-dd ila aqqa-aneɣ da weḥḥd-neɣ ».
Inaẓuren ttuɣa sɛeddan lweqt-nnsen d nitni mlaggʷajen x wayawa. Maḥend ad dd-agmen zi tufrayt (inspiration). Netta Shakespeare yura « ajellid Lear » umi ttuɣa imsar ubelleɛ di beddu n lqern 17, wami ṭṭaɛun ireddej London. Frida Kahlo ttuɣa tressem tilwiḥin i yixef-nnes weḥḥd-s.
Iffeɣ Van Gogh Paris ataɣ ad yaf di temdint n Arles, deg yeffus n Fransa, min ixef irezzu n lehna d tweḥdanit. Deg udlis-nnes « tudert n inaẓuren » aseggas n 1550, yura Giorgio Vasari i yellan netta d anaẓur, d arcitikt deg wakud n tnukra, -yura- « ila anaẓur netta ittedder x tma n wegdud ».
La d ijjen ma ittxes ad idder di tweḥdanit. Abelleɛ i yemsaren zegga ttyarita, d umlaggʷaj anamun, issemɣar zi twacitin n tweḥdanit. Ula kṭer jar iḥudriyen. Waxxa taweḥdanit, ca n yiwdan wer tt-ḥemmlen, maca din umi itteɛjib. Ixḍaren ca zzag-sen ad ddren weḥḥd-sen zi zik. Ameknaw Paul n Thebes i ttuɣa yellan d Amasiḥi amezwaru i ixsen ad idder weḥḥd-s di sseḥra n Misra i waṭṭas n iseggusa. ijjen nniḍen ameknaw Anthony Storr yettwala deg udlis-nnes « taweḥdanit : adwal ɣer yixef », ila labudd bnadem ad isseɛda ca n lweqt weḥḥd-s ḥuma ad yeḥḍa sseḥḥet-nnes tanefsit, ad issemɣar zeg usenflul-nnes. Picasso ict twalat yenna ij n wawal yulleɣ ; « wer nzemmer a negg ca n lḥajet bla taweḥdanit ».
Aẓuyyet n yiman!
Ijjen usefsar i tegga tnaẓurt Tabriṭanit Tracey Emin tuɣa yeccur twacit n uxeyyeq d tiqqest. Asefsar icerken i tegga aked lexdayem n unaẓur Edvard Munch di Tkadimit tageldant n tẓuriwin di London, s yisem n « Aẓuyyet n yiman ». Asefsar-a immal-d tifras i yessawalen x twacitin-nnes di lexdayem n unaẓur Anerwiji Edvard Munch i tebda « tettxes-it » umi ttuɣa ɣer-s 18 n iseggusa. Amec i tenna nettat.
Emin tettwassen deg umaḍal amen yekmel s lexdayem-nnes n urekkeb, min xef ssiwlen aṭṭas n midden di lqern i yeɛdun, ameknaw talwiḥt n « qama-inu » min xef d-unuḍen ibuntwen n igarruten d tzeyyatin n ubudka. Talwiḥt « n mkul n ijjen ṭṭseɣ akid-s » i x-as ittwarin ca 102 n yiwdan x lkettan.
Tettwassen Emin ɛawed s tmexsa-nnes i imezran, d ssaraḥa-nnes la min iqqnen ɣer tudert-nnes d tudert n wegdud amen ikmel. Nettat teqqar « Nec mmaleɣ-dd tidet mamec tella ». Maca tudert-nnes imsar-as aṭṭas n ubeddel. Lux tsxeddam tanewcayt-nnes (talent) deg warssem maḥend ad teggenfa zeg ijjen lehlak d aɛeffan.
Tenna deg uprugram n « News night » ila nettat tehlek s uxenzir, maca iggur ad tedder tudert-nnes d nettat d tameɛḍurt. Tenna ɛawed « wer wwiḍeɣ ad ssneɣ anict i ttexseɣ tudert anict i ttuɣa ggur ad mmteɣ alaḥal ». Ajurnal n « the Guardian » ttuɣa ifser afuṭu-nnes d nettat teẓẓel di Spiṭar awerni u uparasyu-nnes.
Lexdayem-nnes n tẓuri, dag-sen aṭṭas n twacitin imsebḍan, ula kṭer tinni i tersem d nettat ila tehlek. Ameknaw lxedmet n « nec i yeqqimen d tameggarut zzay-i » (2019), d « ha aqqa-ayi usiɣ-dd » (2018). Temmal-dd dag-sen udmawen n uxeyyeq d tiqesst d iwezwizen i nettwala di tseqqaḍ (les corps) tiɛeryanin tiweḥdanyin.
Tarewla ɣer ddmani
Aṭṭas n inaẓuren d imariten ttwalan ila qa din ij n ugenfi i tweḥdaniyt. Tazlawit Tamarikanit Maya Angelo teqqar ila nettat tettettu taweḥdanit s tmuziqt, trenni teqqar : « Ggureɣ di tbeḥḥar jer llɣawat, tterriɣ-dd s weɛrur i tweḥdanit ». Maca llan ca zzag-sen ttrakkʷalen ɣer ugama, xminni tili tteggen ticli niɣ fettḥen deg igelmamen d temdiwin.
Amari Martin Shaw yufa belli taweḥdanit di leɛwin ɣer-s lfaydet-nnes. Shaw ittawi akid-s midden ɣer ddmani n Dartmoor di lkampu Aneglizi, niɣ di ca n imkuan iṭṭurfiyen, mani ttemsebḍan din, kul ijjen itteṭṭef abrid-nnes, lemmden ad qqnen ixef-nnsen aked ugama, ad t-qqnen ula aked ixef-nnsen. Shaw i yettwalan ila bnadem izemmer ad iɛawed iggwa i tḥuja n zic maḥend ad d-asent aked min nettɛic yiḍ-a.
Andrea Wigfield i yellan zi tesdawit n Sheffield, iqqar aqqa nzemmer a neggenfa zi tweḥdanit mala negga ij n wemsawaḍ d amaynu aked inniḍen. Tirezzutin i yettegg di tesdawit ttbeddant x tẓuriwin (arts). Ameknaw lxedmet i yegga i ibedden x twiz jar lejdud d wayyawen x ca n isenfaren n tẓuri x internet. Manaya izemmer ad iɛawen midden ḥuma ad msawaḍen jer-asen.
Ijjen tmarat nneḍni qqaren-as Olivia Laing zegga temsebḍa aked umeddukel-nnes d netttat aqqa-t deg iseggusa n tlatin, da di lweqt-a ttuɣa taweḥdanit tettqessas ul-nnes. Ttuɣa tura ij n udlis immenz-as s waṭṭas x mamec izemmer bnadem ad yedder weḥḥed-s. Adlis-nnes issiwel x tebridin I zi ttuɣa ssawalen inaẓuren x twacitin n tweḥdanit.
Teydar-d Laing ila umi tessreɣ tifawin x telwiḥin n Hopper, d min dag-sent d twacitin n ubeṭṭu d ifuray d wekraf n unhezzi d tiggʷdi zi min dd-ittasen, iɛawen-itt ḥuma ad teffeɣ la d nettat zi twacitin-nnes tiɛeffanin. Tenna “Ufiɣ ij n bnadem nniḍen izemmer ad imsurruf aked tweḥdanit, yufa ijjen uɣezdis ifawen zzag-s, yuca s watig-nnes”.
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