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Ssebt 7 Cutembir 2024

Ɛellal Cileḥ.. agrawli n uɣennij amaziɣ

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Amara: Ɛali Busettati.

Asuɣel: Sufyan Lhani.

Asagem: Aɣmis n Tawiza, uṭṭun 103, Nuwambir 2005.

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Ɛellal Cileḥ d ict tiggezt teɣzi gi tekli n tẓuri tamaziɣt tamatrart, ddren Yimaziɣen ag-yimesli ines d wawalen-ines usriden; imesli-nni ig iksin aṭṭas n tewlafin n unaruz d tagayt. Netta, amux qqaren waynanen n tẓuri tamaziɣt, d aqemqam d agrawli n uɣennij amaziɣ ameɣnas asway, d inigel ameqqran gi tẓuri tameɣnajt n Arif d Tmazɣa, iban-dd g usayes anaẓur asneflal gi tefrekt n 70’n, netta εawed zeg yinaẓuren ig issersen tabridt n tẓuri tatrart m tsektiwin tixerrasin – timezrayin g usayes anaẓur amaziɣ, iwca-as i tẓuri tatrart ijj ubrid d amaynu, irẓem xaf-s tiwwura d timaynutin. Ittwassen Ɛellal Cileḥ, s uwenni-ines d tɣensa-ines x tɣawsa tamaziɣt s tgiṭart-ines d wawalen-ines imesɣalen iswayen usriden ig iksin ɣar dixel-nsen amezruy n Yimaziɣen, uxa ad yili issufuɣ-dd tidet zeg wul n umezruy. Minzi anaẓur Ɛellal Cileḥ ittaweḍ ad yili d iles n tilawt n Yimaziɣen, d imesli-nsen amaddar abergaz azeεεam, uxa zi manaya i dd-ittas ddqel n tmasit i das-immersen x yiri.

Ssneɣ-t, amux t-issen kul amaziɣ, s snat ines n tesfifin i dd-issufeɣ gi tferkiwin tinakudin msebḍant; teffeɣ tmezgarut-nsent g useggʷas n 1987, tis snat g useggʷas n 1998, rzuɣ deg wawalen-nsent d llɣa-nsent d yimesli-nsent d uẓawan-nsent, ufiɣ maknaw Ɛellal Cileḥ issawal s tẓuri x yeswi n ufgan ilelli ig irezzun x umentil i tillit-ines, uxa ittili maknaw d awenni anamus x useqsi n tillit (tamagit, amezruy, tutlayt, tamurt…), ittreẓẓa s wawalen-ines qqaε tisersitin ig itterran aẓwar n Yimaziɣen ɣar ci n temnaḍt tajyugrafit bla Tamazɣa, d yizerfan nneɣni bla izerfan n Timmuzɣa, ɣar dixel n yijj usnay d anaẓur d amajhad g usneflel, itterra ula d wenn ur iremmsen tutlayt tamaziɣt ad ittɣima iffud lebda aremmes i tumayt-ines, minzi taẓuri, aẓawan s wuslig, nettat d asiwel x tidet s min illan d asebḥan, nettat d asuɣel amaddar i tilawt ig ittedder ufgan deg wumlan-ines imxaṭan.

Ɛellal Cileḥ lebda iṭṭef, xmi issawal x tẓuri tamaziɣt, gi snat n tmeslayin d tinebzazin i usmerni n uɣennij amaziɣ d usuref zg-s ɣar tiwecca tasebḥant, netnint: [1] d tarrayt n taynit i uzemmem n wayda ameɣnaj azayku x ufus n yayt bab-ines, [2] ad ittwaḥseb wayda-ya maknaw d asaɣul adeslan, ad ɣur-s dd ttwasidfen wallalen d yiwenna iẓawanen imaynuten imiranen, bla ma ad nettu niɣ ad nessinef aferdis amezgaru ig illan d acemmac niɣ d asaɣul adeslan n usmerni d usmaynu i uɣennij amaziɣ. Ur issnuffur Ɛellal Cileḥ amxumbel i ɣur-sen illan ɣar yiḥudriyen n yiḍa ag wayda ameɣnaj azayku, d uxezzer-nsen aεeffan ɣar wayda-ya.

Asenti anican n Ɛellal Cileḥ g umaḍal n tẓuri issenta deg wammas n 70’n, g usati n Tmesmunt n Usenti Adelsan gi Nnaḍur s wuslig, ila illa d ijj umeskar d anmussu ɣar dixel i usati-ya anaẓur ameɣnas. Ila ɣur-s ɣar Ɛellal Cileḥ ict termit tameɣnajt d tamenzut ag yict tseḍma n yiḥenjiren imeẓẓyanen, zi ssinni ad isseɣzi tabridt-ines tanaẓurt s usufeɣ-ines, g useggʷas n 1987, i tesfift-ines tameɣnajt tamezgarut adu n uzwel « Numidya », isigi gi tekli-ines tanaẓurt s yijj ugriw iccur s tgumi, minzi irẓa uṭṭun ijhed (s uremmus-a) s mecḥal n wufuɣen inaẓuren ig iga ɣar marra iraqen d ddcurat n temnaḍt n Arif mani ɣar iruḥ, tamnaḍt x temnaḍt, armi iṭṭef takarḍa n tejyugrafit n Arif gi qqaε umlan-ines imeẓẓyanen. Yusa-dd manaya g usati n unurẓem-ines x yilaɣiten n tmesmunin timaziɣin d Umussu [Adelsan] Amaziɣ gi tesdawit, d umrara-ines s yimenzayen, d uttwali-ines belli iẓewran n tɣawsa tamaziɣt tteḥdajjan anẓar n tlelli d tesɣart n tillit, issers -s uyenni- ict tebridt tanaẓurt tameɣnast i ɣa idewlen maknaw d azref ɣar marra inaẓuren n Arif. Ɛawed Ɛellal Cileḥ ila ɣur-s ict tilalt d tameqqrant g usersi n waṭṭas n yegrawen imaziɣen g Arif, iga tizemmar d timeqqranin g usersi n Tegrawt n Qaḍi Qeddur mindeg iṭṭef tiɣawsiwin tinaẓurin ɣar dixel i Tegrawt-a, netta i tuɣa illan d ameddukel n yiman i Qaḍi Qeddur, uxa εad ixemmel, gi taddart ines, tagiṭart n wutmalla maknaw d aεerbun n tdukla ig isigin deg yijj n wakud d azegrar.

Ɛawed Ɛellal Cileḥ ila iḥeṭṭer lebda i tbeddiyin d tmeldiwin timeɣnasin timeqqranin am beddu n May, iḥḍer i twuriwin n Ugraw Amaḍlan Amaziɣ g useggʷas n 1997 gi Kanarya…

Ɛellal Cileḥ tettafed-tt mani ma tufid Tamaziɣt, armi ur xaf-s ittwassen belli yugi i usuter n ci n tmesmunt tamaziɣt, ya g Arif niɣ gi Lmeɣrib niɣ berra. Tamaziɣt aqa-tt ɣur-s d taɣawsa illan sennej i kul asatig, ittawi zi lweqt n twacunt ines d tenεacin-ines d twuri-ines ḥuma ad issiweḍ imesli n Yimaziɣen ɣar yiẓewran n kul tamurt mindeg ttenhezzan yidammen imaziɣen.

Gi tmelda mig das-tettwagg tsemɣurt x ufus n Tmesmunt n Tnukkra gi Nnaḍur g useggʷas n 2004, d mindeg iksi tanegmamt tanaddurt , iqqar Ɛellal Cileḥ qa tazaɣart n tekli-ines tanaẓurt tejja-tt dag-s termit n unaẓur arifi Muḥemmed Tufali d unaẓur aqbayli Idir, yina ila llan maknaw d amakam adeslan i tekli-ines tanaẓurt. Ur ssnuffuren εawed yimaynanen n yiger n tẓuri tarifit tidett n tillit n umserwas d umradaf gi tnellit d tebridt tameɣnast jar Ɛellal d yijj unaẓur nneɣni d aqbayli netta d Ferḥat Mhenni, ɣur-sen tiqqest tusridt d ict gi tɣensa-nsen x yizerfan imaziɣen.

Ɛellal Cileḥ d aεeccaq n lebḥar; tanfust-ines d tazegrart ag uferdis-a awennaḍ n tejyugrafit n Yimaziɣen, qa g useggʷas n 1985 ikkerfes x sin n wudmawen wami ila ittzemmam aɣennij-ines « Řebḥar », qa tisfayin-nni i dd-izegguren g uɣennij- ines netnint d tisfayin nican, iqesser kid-sent Ɛellal timeddiyin kemlent ḥuma ad tent-id-izemmem, ila kul tawala iheggʷa ɣar lebḥar ittaf-it irsa, s uya i xaf-s ɣa isseqseḥ tameslayt n uzemmem n yimesli n tesfayin ig ixes ad ilint ttettent lehwayec am lehwayec n yiɣennijen-ines, d aya -atiɣ- i t-ijjin ad igg llɣa d uɣennej i tgezzumt-a arendad i lebḥar mani issens timeddiyin tizegrarin ag uɣezdis n tesfayin ḥuma ad asent-id-ilqeḍ llɣa d yiman n wawalen-ines ig issfayen s terẓugi n tilawt i tettedder tussna tamaziɣt, εawed d aya ig ijjin Ɛellal Cileḥ ad issemɣer s lebḥar amux i ttsemɣuren yegduden-ines aɣennij-ines « A řebḥar » ig innufeslen ɣar wulawen n Yimaziɣen amux dd ttnufsulent tesfay ɣar ujemmaḍ n uftas. Uxa ur ssineɣ ma Ɛellal Cileḥ ixs ad yini, s lebḥar, aferdis nni awennaḍ niɣ ad tili tmeslayt teqqen ɣar tḥajit n temwafit i war issinen mummu-ines ɣir bab-ines?

Ag netta Ɛellal Cileḥ d aselmad n temsirt n umezruy, qa netta ifaq zik i tnemɣurt n lxedmet-a i das-immersen x yiri, netta ig ittraja usmutteg i tsutiwin n yimal. Ag uxezzer ɣar teqsuḥi n wufuɣ x min ittwaseqqaren gi temsirin tinemlanin tunsibin tinemwacin, qa netta ur iqqim s yifassen kerfen, maca yixḍar allal nneɣni ijhed i mux ɣa igg ad ijj tazaɣart gi leεqulat n Yimaziɣen, allal ig illan d aɣennij amaziɣ ameɣnas bu unamek d yinaw amezray – anmagi, s uya qa netta itterra s tmamekt tarusridt x tenfas timezrayin ig ittwaseqqaren i tarwa-nneɣ gi tinmal timeɣrabiyin ig iqqaren qa Imaziɣen netnin d aεraben d iqdimen usin-dd zi Lyaman. Danitin, nettaf Ɛellal Cileḥ iεess x usegged i umezruy d tmewca n temsirt i yimessugaren n yiger asegman n tmurt-nneɣ, itterra x yixerriqen i daneɣ-sɣuran. Deg yijj uɣennij zeg yiɣennijen-ines imusunen, ig istahellen ad t-id-idareɣ ikmel, maca luxa s bla llɣa, d uẓawan, d imesli, ad t-id-idareɣ d awalen waha, niɣ nican maknaw d tamsirt n umezruy n Tefriqt Tiẓẓelmeḍt, minzi iɣennijen n Ɛellal netnin maknaw d iḍrisen imezrayen, uxa atiɣ d manaya i t-ijjin, melmi ma issijj dd xaf-neɣ sennej i udukan, iqqar, i ugdud, awal ur yudrus g unamek-ines x ddqel n yiɣennijen-ines, armi dd-yufu uzref-a maknaw d tifrezt i t iferrzen x yenneɣni. Iqqar g uɣennij-ines amusun:

Neccin da zi rebda

War dd-nusi zi Lyaman

War dd-nekki Lḥabaca, d ixarriqen

War dd-neẓwi bu waman, d icettiḥen

War dd-neṭṭif ibriden n yejdi d ifiɣran

War dd-nusi d imetlaε x iεurar n ireɣman

Neccin d aydud n umaziɣ di Tmezɣa n Imaziɣen

Rejdud-nneɣ εemmars taḥḍiḍt war tt-ntiyen

Tamɣart s ccan-nnes, Dihya i x-as ɣa icehden 

Munem d ay ayetma imaziɣen

Mecḥar i ɣa nesqar x min day-neɣ ggin iεeffanen

Amezruy-nni i neqqar iccur s ixarriqen 

Amezruy n umaziɣ d amaziɣ i t ɣa ifarnen.

Tagezzumt-a ig iceɣlen amaḍal n Yimaziɣen nettat d awalen n Ɛellal Cileḥ, uxa zi min das-irennun ticuni i uɣennij-a d uskaki gi tnefsiyin nettat d tumiẓt-nni ig ismunen snat n tnewwacin Mazilya d Lidya, issis n Ɛellal Cileḥ ig icerken ag yimesli n uɣennij-a s yimesli-nsent amaragnaw am tmaragnawt n tejḍiḍin xmi ttɣennajent tasamfunit n tlelli.

Iɣennijen n Ɛellal smunan qqaε min iqqnen ɣar texfawt n ufgan (tamagit, timexsa, amezruy, tudert, tawennaḍt…), marra idsent d tikniwin umi ɣar anamek d ijj, ttawint qqaε idsent ɣar usiwel x tillit tanefgant.

G uneggaru-ya, gi tmelda n tigi n Ugraw Amaḍlan Amaziɣ gi Nnaḍur, temmewc-ay yict tmelda ad kides xedmeɣ g usati n usewjed i Ugraw, ila illa d amezgaru i dd-iḥeḍren ɣar uraq n Tmesmunt n Tnukkra, iḍfer tameẓẓyant d tmeqqrant n twuriwin n usewjed, iqqim lbal-ines iεess lebda x min imessaren.

Ula d urar n Ugraw-a Amaḍlan, mani dd iḥḍer yijj uklasi nneɣni n ugdud, ila illa i twala-ya d amsagar n Ɛellal ag ugdud n Yimaziɣen, i dd-iḥeḍren zi qqaε timnaḍin n Tmazɣa, iga Ɛellal Cileḥ aɣennij-ines mix nessiwel iεda, aɣennij ig ijjin tazaɣart gi wi dd-iḥeḍren, iḍḍuqqeẓ zg-s usayes.. Tuɣa-tt d ict tmelda d taseḥḥart nican, ceεεlen dag-s yewdan s tcerrift ig iksi waẓli d uskaki n tmeẓrit: Ɛellal Cileḥ ag snat n yessis d Yimaziɣen n umaḍal. Maca addad amezray i war ttettun marra imaziɣen qa netta d akessi ines i ubandu n Tmazɣa d usgeεεed i das- iga g ujenna, zdat ma ad t issigel gi tmerselt d tunsibt (Axxam n Tsebbabt d Usaker d Twuriwin gi Nnaḍur) deg wass amezgaru n twuriwin n Ugraw Amaḍlan Amaziɣ, ag uḥeḍḍur n qqaε Imaziɣen n umaḍal, irẓa dag-s marra iṭabuten unsiben ila illan ɣar yiwunak n Tefriqt Tiẓẓelmeḍt.

D wa d Ɛellal Cileḥ, anaẓur ameɣnas anegmam, afgan-nni bu drus n wawal d waṭṭas n twuri. Gi mindi ma teḥdajjed-t, ur ittedwil ɣar tkermin gi twiza xmi tettili teqqen tmeslayt ɣar Tmaziɣt. Illa yijj n wawal ittwassen ɣar marra wig issnen Ɛellal Cileḥ, maknaw d asuɣel anilaw umhil i uɣennij-ines « Neccin da zi rebda ».

Anaẓur Ɛellal Cileḥ idwel d ict tenfult n twengimt d wudem n yegduden imaziɣen gi tirja-nsen d tmexsa-nsen d yigezzumen-nsen, s uya ig iḥewwes araq d amefraz deg wulawen n yegduden-ines, uxa atiɣ d manaya weḥḥdes ig illan d admam ameqqran ig itturja kul anaẓur gi tudert-ines d tmettant-ines.

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